Toxicity evaluation and environmental risk assessment of 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxy acetic acid (MCPA) on non-target aquatic macrophyte Hydrilla verticillata

Weerakoon, Hewa Pathirannahelage Athri Thathsarani; Atapaththu, Keerthi Sri Senarathna; Asanthi, H.B.

doi:10.1007/s11356-018-3013-z

Cited by 16 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…When the environmental conditions exceed the tolerance thresholds for a considerable period of time, macrophytes become stressed, lose their colonization capacity, and ultimately decay. However, following a short-term exposure to such conditions, they can recover, depending on the extent of the damage caused and the characteristics of the species (Weerakoon et al, 2018). Thus, the presence of a specific macrophyte species in an area depends on whether environmental factors are within their tolerance levels as well as on the duration of the exposure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue Hydrogen Peroxide Concentration Can Explain the Invasiveness of Aquatic Macrophytes: A Modeling Perspective

Asaeda

Rashid

Schoelynck

2021

Front. Environ. Sci.

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In recent years, an invasive macrophyte, Egeria densa, has overwhelmingly colonized some midstream reaches of Japanese rivers. This study was designed to determine how E. densa has been able to colonize these areas and to assess the environmental conditions that limit or even prevent colonization. Invasive species (E. densa and Elodea nuttallii), and Japanese native species (Myriophyllum spicatum, Ceratophyllum demersum, and Potamogeton crispuss) were kept in experimental tanks and a flume with different environmental conditions. Tissue hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentrations were measured responding to either individual or multiple environmental factors of light intensity, water temperature, and water flow velocity. In addition, plants were sampled in rivers across Japan, and environmental conditions were measured. The H2O2 concentration increased in parallel to the increment of unpreferable levels of each abiotic factor, and the trend was independent of other factors. The total H2O2 concentration is provided by the sum of contribution of each factor. Under increased total H2O2 concentration, plants first started to decrease in chlorophyll concentration, then reduce their growth rate, and subsequently reduce their biomass. The H2O2 concentration threshold, beyond which degradation is initiated, was between 15 and 20 µmol/gFW regardless of the environmental factors. These results highlight the potential efficacy of total H2O2 concentration as a proxy for the overall environmental condition. In Japanese rivers, major environmental factors limiting macrophyte colonization were identified as water temperature, high solar radiation, and flow velocity. The relationship between the unpreferable levels of these factors and H2O2 concentration was empirically obtained for these species. Then a mathematical model was developed to predict the colonization area of these species with environmental conditions. The tissue H2O2 concentration decreases with increasing temperature for E. densa and increases for other species, including native species. Therefore, native species grow intensively in spring; however, they often deteriorate in summer. For E. densa, on the other hand, H2O2 concentration decreases with high water temperature in summer, allowing intensive growth. High solar radiation increases the H2O2 concentration, deteriorating the plant. Although the H2O2 concentration of E. densa increases with low water temperature in winter, it can survive in deep water with low H2O2 concentration due to diffused solar radiation. Currently, river rehabilitation has created a deep zone in the channel, which supports the growth and spreading of E. densa.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tissue Hydrogen Peroxide Concentration Can Explain the Invasiveness of Aquatic Macrophytes: A Modeling Perspective

Asaeda

Rashid

Schoelynck

2021

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…The negative influence of MCPA on L. sativum, S. alba, and S. saccharatum growth was also confirmed by Urbaniak et al [35]. Similarly to 2,4-D, MCPA causes also negative effects on freshwater organisms such as the freshwater crustaceans Daphnia magna, Thamnocephalus platyurus, and Artemia franciscana and alga Selenastrum capricornutum [36]. Both herbicides were found to induce the action of hepatic enzymes involved in detoxification and lipid peroxidation [21].…”

Section: Phenoxy Herbicides: Potential Contaminants Of Soil and Watermentioning

confidence: 78%

Biological Remediation of Phenoxy Herbicide-Contaminated Environments

Urbaniak¹,

Mierzejewska²

2019

Environmental Chemistry and Recent Pollution Control Approaches

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Phenoxy herbicides such as 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) are widely used in agriculture to control broadleaf weeds. Although their application has helped to increase the yield and value of crops, they are also recognized as a source of emerging environmental contamination. Their extensive use may promote contamination of soil, surface, and groundwater and lead to increased inhibition of plant development and soil toxicity. Hence, there is an urgent need to identify nature-based methods based on appropriate biological remediation techniques, such as bio-, phyto-, and rhizoremediation, that enable the effective elimination of phenoxy herbicides from the environment. Bioremediation typically harnesses microorganisms and their ability to utilize recalcitrant contaminants in complete degradation processes, while phytoremediation is a cost-effective, environmentally friendly strategy that uses plants to transform or mineralize xenobiotics to less or nontoxic compounds. Rhizoremediation (microbe-assisted phytoremediation), in turn, is based on the interactions between plant roots, root exudates enriched in plant secondary metabolites, soil, and microorganisms. Based on the above, this chapter presents current knowledge on the properties of phenoxy herbicides, as well as the concentrations detected in the environment, their toxicity, and the biological remediation techniques used for safe removal of the compounds of interest from the environment.

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“…The environmental risk of the pesticides used by farmers was evaluated using the Ecological Structure Activity Relationships (ECOSAR) program developed by the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA; Nabholz et al, 1993). In the literature, predicted environmental concentration (PEC), predicted no‐effective environmental concentration (PNEC), and the ratio of PEC/PNEC are generally used for assessing the environmental risk of a chemical (Backhaus & Faust, 2012; Straub, 2002; Weerakoon et al, 2018). When PEC values are calculated according to the use of chemicals, PNEC values are generally calculated based on critical toxicological concentrations such as EC 50 (50% effective concentration), LC 50 (50% lethal concentration), and no observed effect concentration (NOEC; Palma et al, 2004).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the environmental impacts of organic and conventional mixed vegetable production based on the life cycle assessment approach

Temizyurek-Arslan

Karaçetin

2022

Integr Envir Assess & Manag

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This study aims to assess the environmental impacts and the energy efficiency of organic and conventional vegetable production in Palas Basin, Kayseri, Turkey. Three organic and three conventional farmers representing the vegetable production in the region participated in face-to-face questionnaires. Life cycle assessment (LCA) was implemented to assess the global warming potential (GWP), eutrophication potential (EP), acidification potential (AP), and energy use, which were selected as environmental impact potentials. Additionally, the environmental risk assessment was conducted to understand the impact of pesticide use in the region. Six farmers were investigated individually, and it was found that all of the farmers had a common cultivation calendar, but there were differences in the application. Particularly, mineral fertilizer use and irrigation were excessive in some agricultural practices. Although the use of N-and P-based mineral fertilizers was one of the main differences between organic and conventional farming, irrigation was a common practice. Irrigation, the most influential practice, elevated not only water consumption but also EP, AP, and GWP as a result of electricity consumption by electrical pumps. Electricity consumption from irrigation contributed to the GWP most, and this value was in the range of 45%-95%. Mineral fertilizer use covered up to 40% of the EP, 31% of the GWP, and 37% of the AP for conventional farmers. Three different scenarios were developed to reduce the environmental impacts of the use of excessive mineral fertilizer and irrigation. The developed scenarios recommended the reductions by 38%, 44%, 25%, and 60% in GWP, EP, AP, and total energy inputs, respectively. This study demonstrates that LCA is beneficial in determining the environmental impact of hotspots in vegetable production and allows the development of different solutions to mitigate environmental impacts for agricultural sustainability.

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Toxicity evaluation and environmental risk assessment of 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxy acetic acid (MCPA) on non-target aquatic macrophyte Hydrilla verticillata

Cited by 16 publications

References 42 publications

Tissue Hydrogen Peroxide Concentration Can Explain the Invasiveness of Aquatic Macrophytes: A Modeling Perspective

Tissue Hydrogen Peroxide Concentration Can Explain the Invasiveness of Aquatic Macrophytes: A Modeling Perspective

Biological Remediation of Phenoxy Herbicide-Contaminated Environments

Assessing the environmental impacts of organic and conventional mixed vegetable production based on the life cycle assessment approach

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