Toxicity Effects of Kirinyuh Leaf Ethanol Extract (Chromolaena Odorata L.) on White Rats (Rattus Novergicus)

Abstract

Kirinyuh leaves (Chromolaena odorata L.) are natural medicinal plants for wound healing. WHO (World Health Organization) recommends and concern about the safety of plant medicines. Due to limited toxicity study of Chromolaena odorata, this study aimed to determine the acute toxicity of the ethanolic extract of C. odorata in terms of LD50 and its effect on liver and kidney function of male white rats. The observed toxicity parameters were LD50 and delayed toxic effects for 14 days, including toxic symptoms, body weight, AST, ALT and creatinine test, liver and kidney histopathology. The study used 24 white male rats divided into 4 groups, namely the control group NaCMC 0.5%, the treatment group of C. odorata leaf ethanol extract 5 g/kg bw, 10 g/kg bw and 15g/kg bw with a single dose. The results showed that no white rats died during the 14 days of observation. Toxic symptoms that appear only white rats lack of appetite. Other parameter was body weight between days 1, 3, 7, 10 and 14 for each treatment group was significantly different and tended to decrease. The AST, ALT and creatinine values ??were not significantly different for all treatments. Histopathology of the liver and kidneys showed no abnormalities. Based on these results, the LD50 of kirinyuh leaf extract was 15 g/kg bw and delayed toxic effects in the form of lack of appetite which caused weight loss in all treatment groups.