Toxicity effects and action mechanism of fluoride

Abstract

The toxicity and action mechanism of fluoride were reviewed in this paper. Fluoride disturbs the processes of individual growth and development at organism, organ and cell levels. Fluoride may cause malformation of embryo in individual development of animals. In addition, fluoride also possesses the toxicity effect on digestive system, skeletal system and nervous system. Finally, fluoride disturbs the activity of enzymes, and then induces the oxidative stress and cell apoptosis.