Toxicity at the Edge of Life: A Review on Cyanobacterial Toxins from Extreme Environments

Cirés, Samuel; Casero, María Cristina; Quesada, Antonio

doi:10.3390/md15070233

Cited by 66 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 87 publications

(114 reference statements)

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“…Cyanotoxins detected in habitats such as these include the neurotoxins anatoxin‐a ( 26 ), anatoxin‐a(S) ( 27 ), β‐methylaminopropionic acid ( 28 ) and 2,4‐diaminobutyric acid ( 29 ), as well as the hepatotoxins, nodularin ( 30 ) and cylindrospermopsin ( 31 ). Biosynthesis of these toxins is mainly attributed to the cyanobacterial genera Arthrospira, Oscillatoria and Synechococcus (Cirés et al ). Apart from their toxicological properties, cylindrospermopsin ( 31 ) and anatoxin‐a ( 26 ) show estrogenic activity in vivo and in vitro assays (Liu et al , b).…”

Section: Desertsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extreme environments: microbiology leading to specialized metabolites

et al. 2019

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Summary The prevalence of multidrug‐resistant microbial pathogens due to the continued misuse and overuse of antibiotics in agriculture and medicine is raising the prospect of a return to the preantibiotic days of medicine at the time of diminishing numbers of drug leads. The good news is that an increased understanding of the nature and extent of microbial diversity in natural habitats coupled with the application of new technologies in microbiology and chemistry is opening up new strategies in the search for new specialized products with therapeutic properties. This review explores the premise that harsh environmental conditions in extreme biomes, notably in deserts, permafrost soils and deep‐sea sediments select for micro‐organisms, especially actinobacteria, cyanobacteria and fungi, with the potential to synthesize new druggable molecules. There is evidence over the past decade that micro‐organisms adapted to life in extreme habitats are a rich source of new specialized metabolites. Extreme habitats by their very nature tend to be fragile hence there is a need to conserve those known to be hot‐spots of novel gifted micro‐organisms needed to drive drug discovery campaigns and innovative biotechnology. This review also provides an overview of microbial‐derived molecules and their biological activities focusing on the period from 2010 until 2018, over this time 186 novel structures were isolated from 129 representatives of microbial taxa recovered from extreme habitats.

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Section: Desertsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extreme environments: microbiology leading to specialized metabolites

et al. 2019

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“…An increasing number of cyanobacterial species are now known to produce cyanotoxins (Mowe et al, 2015;Cirés et al, 2017). Their proliferation, especially in freshwater environments, threatens both water quality and human and animal health (Codd et al, 1999;Codd, 2000;Paerl et al, 2001;Lee et al, 2017;Huisman et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Broad and Fine Scale Variability in Bacterial Diversity and Cyanotoxin Quotas in Benthic Cyanobacterial Mats

et al. 2020

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Benthic proliferations of Microcoleus autumnalis (basionym Phormidium autumnale) and closely related taxa are being reported with increasing frequency in streams and rivers worldwide. This species commonly produces the potent neurotoxin anatoxin, and exposure to this has resulted in animal fatalities and human health concerns. Bacterial communities within cyanobacterial assemblages can facilitate processes such as nutrient cycling and are posited to influence cyanobacterial growth and function. However, there is limited knowledge on spatial variability of bacterial communities associated with benthic cyanobacteria and anatoxin content and quotas. In this study, M. autumnalis-dominated mat samples were collected from six sites in two New Zealand streams. Associated bacterial communities were characterized using 16S rRNA metabarcoding, anatoxin content by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and anaC copies using droplet digital PCR. Bacterial assemblages differed significantly when amplicon sequence variants were compared between streams and most sites within streams. These differences were associated with conductivity, DRP, DIN, temperature, anatoxin concentration, and quota. Despite the differences in bacterial community composition; at phyla, class and order levels there was high similarity across spatial scales, with Bacteroidetes (ca. 67%) and Proteobacteria (ca. 25%) dominant. There was significant variability in total anatoxin concentrations between sites in both streams (p < 0.001). When the data were converted to anatoxin quotas variability was reduced, suggesting that the relative abundance of toxic genotypes is a key driver of total anatoxin concentrations in mats. This study demonstrates the complexity of microbial communities within M. autumnalis-dominated mats and highlights their likely important role in within-mat nutrient cycling processes.

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“…Cytokine activation of IFNK, LTB, CD70, IL18, CCL5, BMP7, GPI, GDF5, IL10, CCL22, CXCL16, TNFSF14, IL11; day 0 elevation of both Shewanella baltica and Shigella boydii; spike in bone marrow specific genes at all three days with the highest at day 8; elevation of tissue damage biomarkers at day 0. (34,35); known 1468 day0 elevated transcripts (GO renal allograft rejection(36)); high level of M0 macrophages at day 3.…”

Section: Patient Precision Medicine Insightsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral Induced Genetics Revealed by Multi-Dimensional Precision Medicine Transcriptional Workflow

Prokop

Gupta

Leimanis

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Precision medicine requires the translation of basic biological understanding to medical insights, mainly applied to characterization of each unique patient. In many clinical settings, this requires tools that can be broadly used to identify pathology and risks. Patients often present to the intensive care unit with broad phenotypes, including multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) resulting from infection, trauma, or other disease processes. Etiology and outcomes are unique to individuals, making it difficult to cohort patients with MODS, but presenting a prime target for testing/developing tools for precision medicine. Using multi-time point whole blood (cellular/acellular) total transcriptomics in 27 patients, we highlight the promise of simultaneously mapping viral/bacterial load, cell composition, tissue damage biomarkers, balance between syndromic biology vs. environmental response, and unique biological insights in each patient using a single platform measurement. Integration of a transcriptome workflow yielded unexpected insights into the complex interplay between host genetics and viral/bacterial specific mechanisms, highlighted by a unique case of virally induced genetics (VIG) within one of these 27 patients. The power of RNAseq to study unique patient biology while investigating environmental contributions can be a critical tool moving forward for translational sciences applied to precision medicine.

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Toxicity at the Edge of Life: A Review on Cyanobacterial Toxins from Extreme Environments

Cited by 66 publications

References 87 publications

Extreme environments: microbiology leading to specialized metabolites

Extreme environments: microbiology leading to specialized metabolites

Broad and Fine Scale Variability in Bacterial Diversity and Cyanotoxin Quotas in Benthic Cyanobacterial Mats

Viral Induced Genetics Revealed by Multi-Dimensional Precision Medicine Transcriptional Workflow

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