Toxicity, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antioxidant Activities of Cubiu (Solanum sessiliflorum) and Its Interaction with Magnetic Field in the Skin Wound Healing

Abstract

Cubiu, an Amazonian fruit, is widely used as food and popular treatment for pathologies that present an inflammatory pattern, such as skin wound healing. However, there is still no confirmation in the scientific literature about the safety profile, as well as the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and healing actions of cubiu. This study is divided into two experimental protocols using Wistar rats. Thus, the first objective (protocol 1) of this study was to evaluate the toxicity of an oral administration of cubiu extract at different doses for 28 days. The macroscopic and microscopic analyses of the liver and kidney were performed, and the following analysis was determined in plasma: glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, urea, creatinine, and uric acid. After, we conducted the second protocol aimed to establish the potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity of cubiu and its interaction with magnetic field in skin wound healing. On days 3, 7, and 14 of treatment, skin and blood samples were collected and analyzed: the oxidative stress biomarkers (reactive substances to thiobarbituric acid, nonprotein thiols, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione S-transferase), myeloperoxidase enzymatic activity, and cytokines levels (interleukin 1, interleukin 6, interleukin 10, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha). The cubiu has shown to be safe and nontoxic. Both cubiu and magnetic field promoted decreased levels of proinflammatory and prooxidant biomarkers (interleukin 1, interleukin 6, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and reactive substances to thiobarbituric acid), as well as increased levels of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant biomarkers (interleukin 10, nonprotein thiols, and superoxide dismutase), with greater potential when treatments are used in association. Thus, cubiu promotes antioxidant and anti-inflammatory action in skin wound healing, while also improving results of the conventional treatment for skin healing (magnetic field) when used in association.

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“…CAT protects the body against the harmful effects of H2O2 3 . Dalenogare et al 25 compared whether the use of Cubiu alone (an Amazonian fruit used as a medicine) has a beneficial effect on skin regeneration processes and whether the use of combined therapy (Cubiu + magnetic field) has a better impact on wound healing. To determine the potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of cubiu and its interaction with the magnetic field in skin wound healing, skin and blood samples were collected and analyzed on days 3, 7 and 14 of treatment: biomarkers of oxidative stress (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, non-protein thiols, dismutase superoxide, catalase and glutathione S-transferase), myeloperoxidase enzyme activity and cytokine levels (interleukin 1, interleukin 6, interleukin 10 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha).…”

Five Underutilized Ecuadorian Fruits and Their Bioactive Potential as Functional Foods and in Metabolic Syndrome: A Review

“…It is a member of the Solanaceae family and the Solanum genus, abundant in bioactive phytochemicals [ 62 ]. It is traditionally used as a treatment for diabetes and in wound-healing [ 63 ].…”

“…B. gasipaes carotenoid-rich extracts exhibit nephroprotective effect through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory action [ 85 , 86 ]. Ethanolic extracts of S. sessiliflorum exhibit anti-inflammatory and wound-healing effects in animal models [ 63 ].…”