Toxicity and protectant potential of the essential oil of Tetradenia riparia (Lamiales, Lamiaceae) against Zabrotes subfasciatus (Col., Bruchidae) infesting dried pinto beans (Fabales, Leguminosae)

Abstract

The essential oil of Tetradenia riparia had limited acute toxicity to adult Zabrotes subfasciatus, with females, which are larger, being less susceptible than males. However, freshly‐applied essential oil at a predicted concentration of 250 μg/cm2 of pinto bean surface completely suppressed the production of F1 adult progeny, with an EC50 of 72 μg/cm2. Eggs were sensitive to this preparation with an EC50 of 50 μg/cm2 of bean surface for F1 adult progeny per parental female. This concentration‐dependant effect upon the eggs was greatly enhanced by physical damage to the eggs during the treatment process, resulting in a population size 21 % of that achieved in controls. Larvae within the beans were well protected from the oil treatment with an EC50 of approximately 3980 μg/cm2 for F1 adult progeny per parental female. However, the EC50 for numbers of subsequent adult F2 progeny for these emergent F1 adults was 121 μg/cm2 of pinto bean surface. This value was similar to that for the freshly‐applied oil against adults, but the data followed a distinctly different distribution that was characterized by limited adult emergence during days 55–85. Emergence occurred even at extremely high concentrations, whereas no adults could emerge (because either no eggs were laid or none survived) for these concentrations when the treatment was directed at either the parental adults or eggs. The activity of the oil increased at 210 days post‐application with an EC50 of 23 μg/cm2 of pinto bean surface for hatched eggs per parental female at 25 days post‐inoculation. The essential oil is quite repellant to ovipositing females after this period of incubation with an EC50 of only 10 μg/cm2 of pinto bean surface. Volatiles emitted after this duration of incubation had a weak but significant effect on fecundity of females selecting untreated beans in a choice test. The essential oil had no effect on bean germination at 180 days. The logistic dose‐response transition equation, y = a + {b/[1 +(x/c)d]}, may better fit resulting population size estimates for experiments involving a ‘dose‐response’ than probit analysis, because midpoints can be determined for transitions in which partial suppression data are limited. We conclude that the essential oil of T. riparia may make an effective seed treatment against Z. subfasciatus at 1.7 1/to; but to be used as a treatment for beans for consumption, additional research must evaluate mammalian toxicity and palatability of these treated beans.

Insect management products from Malian traditional medicine—Establishing systematic criteria for their identification

“…(Tereschuk et al, 1997) Contact adulticide (Weaver et al, 1994c) Tetradenia riparia Hochst. Codd., umuruvumba (Lamiaceae) Antimicrobial (Van Puyvelde, 1986;Dunkel et al, 1990) Contact adulticide Weaver et al, 1994b) Thujopsis dolabrata var. hondai Makino, aomori hiba (Cupressaceae) Antifungal: wood rotting fungi (Okabe et al, 2004) Termites (Okabe et al, 2004) Zingiber officinale Roscoe, ginger (Zingiberaceae) Antibacterial against Staphylococcus aureus, S. pyogenes, S. pneumoniae, and Haemophilus influenzae (Akoachere et al, 2002) Repellent against Bemisia argentifolii (Zhang et al, 2004) (Iwu, 1993); pain, inflammation, fever, malaria, wounds, diarrhea, intestinal parasites, skin disorders Antifungal, molluscicidal Larvicidal against Aedes aegypti, Anopheles gambiae, Culex quinquefasciatus Amaranthaceae Achyranthes aspera L. a Arthritis, muscular pains (Iwu, 1993) Ecdysteroid positive (Lafont et al, 2003) Amaranthus spinosus L.…”

Antileishmanial activity of the essential oil from Tetradenia riparia obtained in different seasons

“…In Brazil, it is known as incense, lavândula , or falsa mirra , and is used as an ornamental ( Martins et al 2008 ). Isolated substances, EO, and extracts from T. riparia have several biological activities, including larvicidal ( Weaver et al 1992 ), insecticidal ( Weaver et al 1994 ), antimicrobial ( Van Puyvelde et al 1986 ), trypanocidal, antimalarial, antispasmodic ( Campbell et al 1997 ), antiinflammatory, and anticancer ( Torquilho 2001 ), as a repellent against Anopheles gambiae ( Omolo et al 2004 ), and as an acaricide against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus ( Gazim et al 2011 ).…”

New Natural Diterpene-Type Abietane from Tetradenia riparia Essential Oil with Cytotoxic and Antioxidant Activities

“…Although there is broad report on the isolated compounds of T. riparia essential oil, our group still searches for minor constituents that represent a great challenge for researchers. The essential oil of T. riparia present biological activities that are reported in the literature as antispasmodic [4], larvicidal and insecticidal [1], anti-mycobacterial [11], antimalarial [2], repellent of Anopheles gambiae [12], antimicrobial, antinociceptive [8], and acaricidal against Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus [13].…”

“…BR., Moschosma riparium or Tetradenia riparia (Hochstetter) N. E. BR., belongs to the Lamiaceae family and is native to South Africa, where it is one of the most aromatic and popular medicinal plants [1][2][3][4][5]. This exotic plant is popularly known as false myrrh, lemon verbena, lavandula, misty plume, or incense.…”