Toxicity and metabolism of a new insect repellant N,N-diethylphenylacetamide in mice, rats and guinea pigs on cutaneous application

Rao, S. Narasimha; Swamy, Raji; Ramachandran, P. K.

doi:10.1016/0300-483x(89)90106-6

Cited by 11 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Serum urea measures kidney function. The values reported here are within serum urea ranges reported in the literature (Rao et al 1989). A slight difference was observed in the total protein levels after dermal application of all compounds.…”

Section: Changes In Biochemical Parameters After Acute Dermal Applisupporting

confidence: 85%

“…The symptoms of poisoning at high doses observed in rats and mice were essentially similar to those described by Rao et al (1987Rao et al ( , 1989 with ethanolic and undiluted DEPA. These symptoms included hyperactivity, bleeding through the mouth, asphyxia convulsions, coma, and death.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 51%

“…Species differences in acute oral toxicity and dermal toxicity data of the aromatic amides might be related to differences in the chemical penetration rates. This may have resulted because of the thicknesses of the stratum corneum in mice is about one-third of that of rats (Rao et al 1989).…”

Section: Changes In Biochemical Parameters After Acute Dermal Applimentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Adverse reactions to DEET have been reported necessitating the search for new and improved repellents (Rao et al 1988, Robbins et al 1986. N,N-diethyl-2-phenylacetamide (DEPA) has been reported to be an effective repellent against a number of insects, namely mosquitoes, black ßies, rat ßeas, and stable ßies that are all of public health and veterinary importance (Kalyanasundaram 1982, Kalyanasundaram and Mathew 2006, Kumar et al 1984, Mathur et al 1986, Rao et al 1989. Extensive toxicological studies of DEPA have been reported from Defense Research and Development Establishment (DRDE), Gwalior (Deb et al 2010).…”

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confidence: 98%

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Acute Toxicity Studies of Safer and More Effective Analogues of N,N-Diethyl-2-Phenylacetamide

Garud¹,

Gautam²,

Ganesan³

et al. 2011

jnl. med. entom.

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The present work was designed to evaluate the toxicity of various synthesized aromatic amides that are analogs of N,N-diethyl-2-phenylacetamide, a well known insect repellent. The toxicity profile of these compounds was compared with N,N-diethyl-2-phenylacetamide as well as other registered insect repellents namely N,N-diethyl-3-methyl benzamide and N,N-diethylbenzamide. The primary skin irritation index values of the compounds, dermal toxicity of the chemicals and acute oral toxicity data to assess the safety of the synthesized aromatic amides are reported in this paper. Results of hematological and biochemical studies of these analogues are reported and discussed.

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Section: Changes In Biochemical Parameters After Acute Dermal Applisupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 51%

Section: Changes In Biochemical Parameters After Acute Dermal Applimentioning

confidence: 97%

mentioning

confidence: 98%

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Acute Toxicity Studies of Safer and More Effective Analogues of N,N-Diethyl-2-Phenylacetamide

Garud¹,

Gautam²,

Ganesan³

et al. 2011

jnl. med. entom.

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“…It is known that some insect repellants (Qiu & Jun 1996), muscarinic M3 receptor antagonists (Mitsuya et al 1999) and anticoagulants (Su et al 2001) are derived from 2-phenylacetamide. In addition, this compound has been observed in urine of mice treated with the cutaneous insect repellant N,N-diethylphenylacetamide (DEPA) (Rao et al 1989). In our study, however, we used pathogen-free mice that were bred and housed in our sterile animal facility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The scent of age

Osada

Yamazaki

Curran

et al. 2003

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B

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In many species, older males are often preferred mates because they carry 'good' genes that account for their viability. How females discern a male's age is a matter of question. However, for animals that rely heavily on chemical communication there is some indication that an animal's age can be determined by its scent. To investigate whether there are changes in body odours with age, and if so their composition, mice were trained in a Y-maze to discriminate urine odours of donor mice of different ages: Adult (3-10 months old) and Aged (more than 17 months old). Trained mice could discriminate between these two age groups by odour alone. To determine the chemical basis for these discriminations, studies were performed using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. These analyses demonstrated differences in the ratio of urinary volatiles with age. The most prominent differences involved significantly greater amounts of 2-phenylacetamide and significantly lower amounts of methylbutyric acids in Aged animals relative to Adult animals. Fractionating and manipulating the levels of these compounds in the urine demonstrated that the mice can distinguish age based on variation in amounts of these specific compounds in the combined urine.

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Phenyl‐N,N‐Diethylacetamide 2431‐96‐1

2004

Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials

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Toxicity and metabolism of a new insect repellant N,N-diethylphenylacetamide in mice, rats and guinea pigs on cutaneous application

Cited by 11 publications

References 18 publications

Acute Toxicity Studies of Safer and More Effective Analogues of N,N-Diethyl-2-Phenylacetamide

Acute Toxicity Studies of Safer and More Effective Analogues of N,N-Diethyl-2-Phenylacetamide

The scent of age

Phenyl‐N,N‐Diethylacetamide 2431‐96‐1

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