Toxicity and inhibition assessment of ionic liquids by activated sludge

Gomez‐Herrero, Esther; Tobajas, Montserrat; Polo, A.M.; Rodrı́guez, Juan J.; Mohedano, A.F.

doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109836

Cited by 31 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 51 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Occurrence data on NTf 2 is so far exceedingly scarce and only semiquantitative . Toxicity tests have shown that NTf 2 is toxic to aquatic organisms and sludge bacteria, while toxic effects on clinically relevant bacteria have been reported for FAP . Toxicity data for HFIP is, to the best of our knowledge, not available.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Ultra-Short-Chain PFASs in the Sources of German Drinking Water: Prevalent, Overlooked, Difficult to Remove, and Unregulated

Neuwald

Hübner

Wiegand

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) have been a focal point of environmental chemistry and chemical regulation in recent years, culminating in a shift from individual PFAS regulation toward a PFAS group regulatory approach in Europe. PFASs are a highly diverse group of substances, and knowledge about this group is still scarce beyond the well-studied, legacy long-chain, and short-chain perfluorocarboxylates (PFCAs) and perfluorosulfonates (PFSAs). Herein, quantitative and semiquantitative data for 43 legacy short-chain and ultra-short-chain PFASs (≤2 perfluorocarbon atoms for PFCAs, ≤3 for PFSAs and other PFASs) in 46 water samples collected from 13 different sources of German drinking water are presented. The PFASs considered include novel compounds like hexafluoroisopropanol, bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, and tris(pentafluoroethyl)trifluorophosphate. The ultra-short-chain PFASs trifluoroacetate, perfluoropropanoate, and trifluoromethanesulfonate were ubiquitous and present at the highest concentrations (98% of sum target PFAS concentrations). “PFAS total” parameters like the adsorbable organic fluorine (AOF) and total oxidizable precursor (TOP) assay were found to provide only an incomplete picture of PFAS contamination in these water samples by not capturing these highly prevalent ultra-short-chain PFASs. These ultra-short-chain PFASs represent a major challenge for drinking water production and show that regulation in the form of preventive measures is required to manage them.

show abstract

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Ultra-Short-Chain PFASs in the Sources of German Drinking Water: Prevalent, Overlooked, Difficult to Remove, and Unregulated

Neuwald

Hübner

Wiegand

et al. 2022

Environ. Sci. Technol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Given the statistical significance in multiple assays, the dose response of the LLNA, and the supporting evidence of the KeratinoSens™ and h‐CLAT assays, BMIM and BMPY could plausibly be considered weak sensitizers (Fedak et al, 2015; OECD 429, 2010; Swaen & van Amelsvoort, 2009). When evaluated independent of the alkyl chain, aromatic cations (e.g., imidazolium and pyridinium) are reported to be more toxic than nonaromatic cations (e.g., pyrrolidinium) or linear cations (e.g., ammonium), particularly in aquatic toxicity models (Gomez‐Herrero et al, 2020; Hernandez‐Fernandez et al, 2015; Larson et al, 2008; Pham et al, 2016; Wang et al, 2015). However, in the current study, BMIM (aromatic) and BMPY (non‐aromatic) demonstrated similar degrees of sensitization in the IRR/LLNA and acute toxicity in the MEST assays.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of skin sensitization induced by four ionic liquids

Frawley

Germolec

Johnson³

et al. 2021

J of Applied Toxicology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ionic liquids (ILs) are synthetic solvents used as replacements for volatile organic solvents. Human exposure occurs through dermal or oral routes. In rodents, several ILs were reported to induce dermal toxicity, irritation, and sensitization. Due to the potential for occupational exposure, and industrial use as nonvolatile solvents, 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride (EMIM, 6.25% to 50% v/v), 1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium chloride (BMIM, 3.12% to 12.5% v/v), 1‐butyl‐1‐methylpyrrolidinium chloride (BMPY, 0.825% to 6.25% v/v), and N‐butylpyridinium chloride (NBuPY, 0.825% to 12.5% v/v) were nominated to the National Toxicology Program and evaluated for skin sensitization. The test compound was applied to the ears of female BALB/c mice daily for 3 days in a primary irritancy (IRR)/local lymph node assay (LLNA). Sensitization was assessed in vitro in the direct peptide reactivity assay (DPRA), KeratinoSens™ assay, and human cell line activation test (h‐CLAT). In the LLNA, the butylated ILs, BMIM, and BMPY were more potent than NBuPY (butylated) or EMIM (ethylated), which was neither an irritant nor a sensitizer. NBuPY induced skin irritation in vivo at ≥3.12% (p ≤ 0.01), and sensitization in vitro in the KeratinoSens™ assay and h‐CLAT, but was negative for sensitization in vivo and in the DPRA. Although SI3 was not achieved, dermal treatment with 12.5% BMIM or 6.25% BMPY increased (p ≤ 0.01) lymph node cell proliferation in the LLNA. In vitro, BMIM was positive for sensitization in the h‐CLAT, and BMPY was positive in the h‐CLAT and KeratinoSens™ assay; both were negative in the DPRA. Integrated data analyses, weighted toward in vivo data, suggested that BMIM and BMPY may induce weak to mild sensitization.

show abstract

“…On the other hand, the [NTf 2 ] − anion has to be synthesized, is not biodegradable and ecologically not completely harmless. [ 57 ] [Hbet][NTf 2 ] was reported to have a glass transition temperature of −39 °C, a melting point of 54 °C, and a decomposition temperature of 325 °C. [ 58 ] Moreover, [Hbet][NTf 2 ] is predominantly hydrophobic below and hydrophilic above 55.5 °C.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ionometallurgical Step‐Electrodeposition of Zinc and Lead and its Application in a Cycling‐Stable High‐Voltage Zinc‐Graphite Battery

Chen

Richter

Wang

et al. 2021

Small

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ionometallurgy is a new development aiming at the sustainable low‐temperature conversion of naturally occurring metal ores and minerals to their metals or valuable chemicals in ionic liquids (ILs) or deep eutectic solvents. The IL betainium bis((trifluoromethyl)sulfonyl)imide, [Hbet][NTf2], is especially suited for this process due to its redox‐stability and specific‐functionalization. The potentiostatic electrodeposition of zinc and lead starting directly from ZnO and PbO, which dissolve in [Hbet][NTf2] in high concentrations is reported. The initial reduction potentials of zinc(II) and lead(II) are about −1.5 and −1.0 V, respectively. The ionic conductivity of the solution of ZnO in [Hbet][NTf2] is measured and the effect of various temperatures and potentials on the morphology of the deposited material is explored. The IL proves to be stable under the chosen conditions. From IL‐solutions, where ZnO, PbO, and MgO have been dissolved, metallic Zn and Pb are deposited under potentiostatic control either consecutively by step‐electrodeposition or together in a co‐electrodeposition. Using the method, Zn is also deposited on 3D copper foam and assembles into high‐voltage zinc‐graphite battery. It exhibits a working‐voltage up to 2.7 V, an output midpoint discharge‐voltage of up to 2.16 V, up to 98.6% capacity‐retention after 150 cycles, and good rate performance.

show abstract

Toxicity and inhibition assessment of ionic liquids by activated sludge

Cited by 31 publications

References 51 publications

Ultra-Short-Chain PFASs in the Sources of German Drinking Water: Prevalent, Overlooked, Difficult to Remove, and Unregulated

Ultra-Short-Chain PFASs in the Sources of German Drinking Water: Prevalent, Overlooked, Difficult to Remove, and Unregulated

Evaluation of skin sensitization induced by four ionic liquids

Ionometallurgical Step‐Electrodeposition of Zinc and Lead and its Application in a Cycling‐Stable High‐Voltage Zinc‐Graphite Battery

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About