Toxicity and efficiency study of plant extracts-based bleaching agents

Bâldea, Ioana; Olteanu, Diana; Filip, Gabriela Adriana; Cenariu, Mihai; Dudea, Diana; Tofan, Alina; Alb, Camelia; Moldovan, Mărioara

doi:10.1007/s00784-016-1882-4

Cited by 19 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…This result allowed us to reject the first hypothesis of this study. These data corroborate with the literature that reports that a sizable proportion of the patients experienced sensitivity during and after bleaching treatment 1 , 3 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…The results of this study revealed that the bleaching product containing oxalate showed little to no effect on the control and occurrence of dental sensitivity and did not exceed the performance of bleaching agents without desensitizers in any of the tests in this study, which demonstrably showed a lower performance than various products containing these agents 1 . Given this context, we emphasize the systematic review performed by Cunha-Cruz, et al 7 (2011) that concluded that available evidence suggests that oxalates are not effective to decrease sensitivity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

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Neurosensory analysis of tooth sensitivity during at-home dental bleaching: a randomized clinical trial

et al. 2018

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ObjectiveThe objective of this study was to evaluate dental sensitivity using visual analogue scale, a Computerized Visual Analogue Scale (CoVAS) and a neurosensory analyzer (TSA II) during at-home bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide, with and without potassium oxalate.Materials and MethodsPower Bleaching 10% containing potassium oxalate was used on one maxillary hemi-arch of the 25 volunteers, and Opalescence 10% was used on the opposite hemi-arch. Bleaching agents were used daily for 3 weeks. Analysis was performed before treatment, 24 hours later, 7, 14, and 21 days after the start of the treatment, and 7 days after its conclusion. The spontaneous tooth sensitivity was evaluated using the visual analogue scale and the sensitivity caused by a continuous 0°C stimulus was analyzed using CoVAS. The cold sensation threshold was also analyzed using the TSA II. The temperatures obtained were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey's test (α=5%).ResultsThe data obtained with the other methods were also analyzed. 24 hours, 7 and 14 days before the beginning of the treatment, over 20% of the teeth presented spontaneous sensitivity, the normal condition was restored after the end of the treatment. Regarding the cold sensation temperatures, both products sensitized the teeth (p<0.05) and no differences were detected between the products in each period (p>0.05). In addition, when they were compared using CoVAS, Power Bleaching caused the highest levels of sensitivity in all study periods, with the exception of the 14th day of treatment.ConclusionWe concluded that the bleaching treatment sensitized the teeth and the product with potassium oxalate was not able to modulate tooth sensitivity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

Neurosensory analysis of tooth sensitivity during at-home dental bleaching: a randomized clinical trial

et al. 2018

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“…Bleaching agents are effective to remove the staining for the hybrid ceramic when 15% carbamide peroxide or experimental gel was used. The whitening result produced by the two bleaching gels were similar, thus that bleaching agents based on natural products can be regarded as less aggressive alternatives to commercial gels based on carbamide peroxides [16].…”

Section: Figure 1 Correlation Between ∆E Values Obtained After Stainmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…Other studies observed that the effect on the surface of the restorative materials were material dependent. The effects to the pulp were also studied, but with no clinical significance [15,16].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Bleaching on a CAD/CAM Hybrid Ceramic Material

Culic¹,

Gasparik²,

Varvara³

et al. 2017

Studia UBB Chemia

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“…Considering the deleterious effects that peroxide bleaching agents bring to the dental structure, some alternatives have already been studied [15][16][17][18][19] . Among them, the cysteine protease enzymes, such as papain and bromelain have been described as active agents with bleaching potential 16,18,19 .…”

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confidence: 99%

Novel in-office peroxide-free tooth-whitening gels: bleaching effectiveness, enamel surface alterations, and cell viability

Ribeiro

Barboza

Cuevas‐Suárez

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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To evaluate the bleaching ability, the effect on enamel surface and cytotoxicity of novel toothwhitening formulations containing papain, ficin, or bromelain. Forty bovine dental discs (6 cm ×4 cm) were pigmentated and randomly allocated into the following groups (n = 10): Group 1, 20 wt% carbamide peroxide (control); group 2, 1% papain-based whitening; group 3, 1% ficin-based whitening; and group 4, 1% bromelain-based whitening. The whitening gels were prepared and applied on the enamel three times per day once a week, for 4 weeks. Color measurement was obtained by CIEDE2000. Enamel Knoop microhardness and roughness were evaluated. The WST-1 assay was used to evaluate the cell viability of mouse fibroblast cells (L929). Data were statistically analyzed by one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Student Newman Keuls's post hoc test at α = 0.05 significance level. Bromelain, ficin-based, and carbamide peroxide bleaching gels showed a similar color change (p < 0.001). Higher enamel hardness decrease and higher enamel roughness were caused by the carbamide peroxide (p < 0.05). The experimental whitening gels did not affect cell viability. Tooth bleaching gels containing bromelain, papain, or ficin have substantial clinical potential to be used in the development of peroxidefree tooth whitening gels. Tooth whitening has become one of the most performed and demanded cosmetic dental procedures. It is a non-invasive treatment that improves the appearance of a patient smile, positively affecting the quality of life 1,2. The two whitening techniques traditionally used are the at-home and the in-office whitening techniques. Both techniques involve the use of different concentrations of carbamide or hydrogen peroxide as active agents 3. Concentrations of such active agents commonly used for in-office whitening therapy vary from 20%, 35% or even 38% 4. Despite that, the efficiency of whitening systems is consolidated in the literature and dental practice, incorrect application in excessive quantities of time can cause side effects 5. The most common drawback caused by the use of high hydrogen peroxide concentrations is tooth sensitivity 6. A study demonstrated that 85% of patients treated using an in-office bleaching technique report tooth sensitivity 7,8. It was hypothesized that tooth sensitivity after dental bleaching is related to the degradation of the hydrogen peroxide into reactive oxygen species (ROS) which can diffuse to the pulp chamber through the dentinal tubules, inducing the release of inflammatory mediators, like IL-1β and RANK-L 9,10. Although the use of analgesics, anti-inflammatories, antioxidants, corticosteroids, and opioid drugs are used as a way to minimize this side-effect, the use of oral medications is not able to reduce the risk of tooth sensitivity 11. An alternative to reduce or solve this problem is the use of natural compounds. Given their natural origin, these types of products have a certain guarantee on their non-toxic biological behavior, resulting in little or no

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Toxicity and efficiency study of plant extracts-based bleaching agents

Abstract: These data open new possibilities for the use of new natural products in dental bleaching treatments that can insure significant esthetic results and lower side effects.

Cited by 19 publications

References 35 publications

Neurosensory analysis of tooth sensitivity during at-home dental bleaching: a randomized clinical trial

Neurosensory analysis of tooth sensitivity during at-home dental bleaching: a randomized clinical trial

Evaluation of Bleaching on a CAD/CAM Hybrid Ceramic Material

Novel in-office peroxide-free tooth-whitening gels: bleaching effectiveness, enamel surface alterations, and cell viability

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