Toxicity and biodegradability of imidazolium ionic liquids

Salvador, Alfredo; Santos, Aurora; Tojo, J.; Rodríguez, Ana

doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.10.079

Cited by 622 publications

(369 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(36 reference statements)

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“…In general, the toxicity of ILs appears to be directly proportional to the length of the alkyl chain as well as the number of alkyl groups substituted on the cation (Pernak et al 2003;Romero et al 2008;Sendovski et al 2010).…”

Section: Approaches To Manage Il Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although biomass pretreatment using IL can be very effective, the toxicity of low IL levels (0.2 -5% w/w) to microorganisms used in downstream fermentation processes is a serious problem for obtaining high yields of biofuels and chemicals (Docherty and Kulpa 2005;Pham et al 2010;Quijano et al 2010;Romero et al 2008). ILs have similar structures to detergents, pesticides and antibiotics which attack lipid structure, resulting in an increase in osmotic pressure and disruption of the membrane of microorganisms (Matsumoto et al 2004;Pernak et al 2001;Pernak et al 2003;Pham et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, one study suggested that some ILs are similar to cationic surfactants which induce polar narcosis due to their interfacial properties, causing membrane-bound protein disruption (Bernot et al 2005). The toxicity of certain ILs can also inhibit enzymatic activity of microorganisms due to accumulation in cell membranes (Matsumoto et al 2004;Pham et al 2010;Romero et al 2008). Some ILs also have been shown to inhibit cell growth and cell viability for various microorganisms (Ganske and Bornscheuer 2006;Jing et al 2014;Pernak et al 2003;Pfruender et al 2006;Sendovski et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Ionic liquid-tolerant microorganisms and microbial communities for lignocellulose conversion to bioproducts

Simmons

Singer

et al. 2016

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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Chemical and physical pretreatment of biomass is a critical step in the conversion of lignocellulose to biofuels and bioproducts. Ionic liquid (IL) pretreatment has attracted significant attention due to the unique ability of certain ILs to solubilize some or all components of the plant cell wall. However, these ILs not only inhibit enzyme activities, but also the growth and productivity of microorganisms used in downstream hydrolysis and fermentation processes.While pretreated biomass can be washed to remove residual IL and reduce inhibition, extensive washing is costly and not feasible in large-scale processes. IL tolerant microorganisms and microbial communities have been discovered from environmental samples and studies begun to elucidate mechanisms of IL tolerance. The discovery of IL tolerance in environmental microbial communities and individual microbes has lead to the proposal of molecular mechanisms of resistance. In this article, we review recent progress on discovering IL tolerant microorganisms, identifying metabolic pathways and mechanisms of tolerance, and engineering microorganisms for IL tolerance. Research in these areas will yield new approaches to overcome inhibition in lignocellulosic biomass bioconversion processes and increase opportunities for the use of ILs in biomass pretreatment.

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Section: Approaches To Manage Il Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ionic liquid-tolerant microorganisms and microbial communities for lignocellulose conversion to bioproducts

Simmons

Singer

et al. 2016

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol

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“…It is known that the anion has a small effect on IL toxicity (although chloride-based ILs are nonfluoride candidates and therefore less toxic). 24 The IL toxicity is mainly determined by the imidazolium cation and directly correlates with the length of the side alkyl chain and/or with the hydrophobicity of the IL. 24 Thus, the studied ILs are the less toxic of the imidazolium-based family since this study focused essentially in hydrophilic and short side alkyl chain length ILs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Cation Influence on the Formation and Extraction Capability of Ionic-Liquid-Based Aqueous Biphasic Systems

et al. 2009

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In addition to the large range of applications proposed in literature, ionic liquids (ILs) have been recently reported to be able to form aqueous biphasic systems (ABS). They could thus be interesting media in biotechnological applications for the separation and purification of vital biomolecules. Therefore, in this work, a systematic study involving a large number of imidazolium-based ILs was conducted to provide new information related to ILs' ABS-promoting capability and extraction ability. For that purpose, the influence of the number of alkyl groups present at the cation, the cation side alkyl chain length, and the presence of double bonds, aromatic rings, and hydroxyl groups on this alkyl chain were evaluated. Ternary phase diagrams of the ABS formed by these ILs and K 3 PO 4 and the respective tie-lines were measured and presented. The ABS here investigated were further characterized for the first time accordingly to their extractive potential for amino acids, where L-tryptophan was selected as a model biomolecule. The partition coefficients here obtained were shown to be substantially larger than those observed in conventional ABS, demonstrating therefore the fine potential of IL-based ABS for biomolecules separation and purification.

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“…Ionic liquid solvents, a diverse class of molten organic salts, have been used effectively for biomass pretreatment because they disrupt inter-and intramolecular hydrogen bonds within plant cell wall components to improve cellulose recovery, leading to significant improvement of subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis kinetics and product yield (7)(8)(9)(10). Nevertheless, one of the problems with using this technology in large-scale industrial biomass pretreatment is its toxicity to microorganisms used in downstream fermentation (11)(12)(13).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Global transcriptome response to ionic liquid by a tropical rain forest soil bacterium,Enterobacter lignolyticus

Khudyakov

D’haeseleer

Borglin

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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To process plant-based renewable biofuels, pretreatment of plant feedstock with ionic liquids has significant advantages over current methods for deconstruction of lignocellulosic feedstocks. However, ionic liquids are often toxic to the microorganisms used subsequently for biomass saccharification and fermentation. We previously isolated Enterobacter lignolyticus strain SCF1, a lignocellulolytic bacterium from tropical rain forest soil, and report here that it can grow in the presence of 0.5 M 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride, a commonly used ionic liquid. We investigated molecular mechanisms of SCF1 ionic liquid tolerance using a combination of phenotypic growth assays, phospholipid fatty acid analysis, and RNA sequencing technologies. Potential modes of resistance to 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride include an increase in cyclopropane fatty acids in the cell membrane, scavenging of compatible solutes, up-regulation of osmoprotectant transporters and drug efflux pumps, and down-regulation of membrane porins. These findings represent an important first step in understanding mechanisms of ionic liquid resistance in bacteria and provide a basis for engineering microbial tolerance.osmotic stress | osmolytes | membrane lipids | differential gene expression | whole genome metabolic reconstruction

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Toxicity and biodegradability of imidazolium ionic liquids

Cited by 622 publications

References 28 publications

Ionic liquid-tolerant microorganisms and microbial communities for lignocellulose conversion to bioproducts

Ionic liquid-tolerant microorganisms and microbial communities for lignocellulose conversion to bioproducts

Evaluation of Cation Influence on the Formation and Extraction Capability of Ionic-Liquid-Based Aqueous Biphasic Systems

Global transcriptome response to ionic liquid by a tropical rain forest soil bacterium,Enterobacter lignolyticus

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