Toxic effects of the antifouling agent irgarol 1051 on periphyton communities in coastal water microcosms

Fate of Irgarol 1051, diuron and their main metabolites in two UK marine systems after restrictions in antifouling paints

“…2) suggesting slow degradation rate of Irgarol 1051 as mentioned before. Although the levels found in this study are consistent with other studies (Dahl and Blanck, 1996;Boxall et al, 2000;Okamura et al, 2003), the presence of diuron was unexpected considering the restrictions on its use in the UK. As a result, the likely explanation for its detection was the entrance both in the harbour and marina of vessels from countries where diuron is still in use.…”

“…Hughes and Alexander (1993) suggests that when the concentration of Irgarol 1051 exceeds 136 ng L -1 (EC 50 ) serious damage may be caused to some phytoplanktonic microorganisms such as the diatom Navicula pelliculosa. Furthermore, Dahl and Blanck (1996), working with a periphyton community in a flow through microcosm, found that at concentrations as low as 63 ng L -1 , Irgarol 1051 significantly decreased photosynthetic activity.…”

Release and detection of nanosized copper from a commercial antifouling paint

“…; Fig. A.1), which we did not account for in this study, may have complicated the toxicity pattern we observed (Dahl and Blanck, 1996).…”

Herbicide Contamination of Freshwater Ecosystems: Impact on Microbial Communities

“…Herbicides can have a direct impact on the composition of freshwater microbial communities by selecting those with greater herbicide resistance (Dahl & Blanck, 1996;Pérès et al, 1996;DeLorenzo et al, 1999). For example, Dorigo et al (2007) found that there were changes in the composition of microbial communities in a small river displaying an upstream-downstream pollution gradient, and that species located in the polluted downstream area were more tolerant towards herbicides than those located in the upstreamunpolluted area.…”