Toxic Effects of Metals

Vangronsveld, Jaco; Clijsters, H.

doi:10.1002/9783527615919.ch6

Cited by 119 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 138 publications

(83 reference statements)

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“…[36] SOD is the most indispensable enzyme for protecting the cells from the toxicity of the reactive oxygen species that are generated during aerobic respiration for energy production; it converts more toxic superoxide anion radicals to less toxic hydrogen peroxide. [37] Catalase is a tetrahedrical protein, constituted by four heme groups which catalyze the dismutation of hydrogen peroxide in water and oxygen. [38] In the studied medicinal plants Cassia fistula showed higher catalase activity to other plants, it protects plant from biotic and abiotic stress.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of antioxidant enzymes and free radical scavenging activity of selected medicinal plants

Kumar

Mishra

Prakash

2012

Free Radicals and Antioxidants

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of antioxidant enzymes and free radical scavenging activity of selected medicinal plants

Kumar

Mishra

Prakash

2012

Free Radicals and Antioxidants

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“…The effects of copper on photosynthetic electron transport and photosystems have been extensively characterized using thylacoids or photosystem particles (for review, see [2,3]). Excess copper is also known (1) to inhibit a large number of enzymes, notably enzymes involved in the Benson-Clavin cycle, chlorophyll synthesis, and fatty acid metabolism, (2) to trigger oxidative damage and alteration of cell membrane properties, and (3) to induce thiol-rich polypeptides and enzymes, mostly peroxidases and esterases (for reviews, see [4][5][6][7]). However, little is known about the effects of copper on non-photosynthetic metabolism, notably on cell respiration.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arrest of mitochondrial biogenesis in copper‐treated sycamore cells

et al. 1996

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Sycamore suspension cells (Acer pseudoplatanus L.) were grown in the presence of sublethal concentrations of copper (50 BM). During the first 5-6 days of treatment, growth was not affected, but cell respiration (coupled and uncoupled) declined to 60% of its normal value. This decline of respiration was attributed to a progressive diminution of the number of mitochondria in copper-treated cells, based on the demonstration of the concomitant decline of (1) cardiolipin (diphosphatidylglycerol) and cytochrome aa3 (cytochrome oxidase), two specific markers of mitochondrial inner membrane, and (2) fumarase activity, a specific marker of mitochondrial matrix space. In addition, the mitochondria extracted from copper-treated cells presented the same properties as those from control cells, concerning substrate oxidation, cardiolipin and cytochrome aa3 contents, and fumarase activity. These results strongly suggest that copper triggered an arrest of mitochondrial biogenesis, which preceded cell division arrest.

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“…Geebelen et al (2002) observed a significant induction of syringaldazine peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.7) in the roots of beans already at 10 µmol Pb-EDTA in the nutrient solution. Increased activity of peroxidases indicates an initiation of oxidative stress (Vangronsveld and Clijsters 1994). In addition, Stiborová et al (1986Stiborová et al ( , 1987 presumed that reduction of root growth might be associated with metal-induced inhibition of protein synthesis in roots.…”

Section: Growth Responsementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, excessive accumulation of this toxic metal in plant tissues results in numerous disturbances of physiological processes (e.g. Vangronsveld and Clijsters 1994), causing eventually inhibition of growth, decreased yield and decreased quality of cultivated crops.…”

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confidence: 99%

Lead uptake by Matricaria chamomilla L.

Grejtovský¹,

Markušová²,

Nováková³

2008

Plant Soil Environ.

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Investigations were carried out under laboratory conditions in a nutrient solution according to Knop to observe the influence of increasing concentrations of Pb (5, 25, 50, 75 µmol/l) on its uptake and accumulation in chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.), diploid cv. Novbona. The essential part of Pb taken up by chamomile plants accumulated in roots; only minor portion of the metal was translocated to the above-ground part of the plant. Addition of Pb to the growth medium reduced significantly the root biomass (-46.3% at the highest supply of Pb); reduction in the above-ground dry matter (-18.3%) was insignificant. Pb treatment also reduced chlorophyll content in leaves (P < 0.01). The highest level of Pb resulted in a decrease of Chl a by 52% and of Chl b by 48%. Lead in the nutrient medium induced accumulation of free proline (Pro) in leaf rosette tissues (P < 0.01). Distribution of Pb in chamomile plants (cv. Novbona) and accumulation of Pb with focus on accumulation in inflorescences (drug Flos chamomillae) was investigated in a pot experiment with soil (Orthic Luvisol) supplemented with 50 mg Pb/kg dry soil. At this treatment, the content of Pb in chamomile inflorescences was 3-fold higher in comparison with the control (P < 0.05) but the level of accumulated Pb (2.08 mg Pb/kg dm flowers) was far below the limit (10 mg/kg) set by the WHO as the highest acceptable level of Pb in the chamomile drug.

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Toxic Effects of Metals

Cited by 119 publications

References 138 publications

Assessment of antioxidant enzymes and free radical scavenging activity of selected medicinal plants

Assessment of antioxidant enzymes and free radical scavenging activity of selected medicinal plants

Arrest of mitochondrial biogenesis in copper‐treated sycamore cells

Lead uptake by Matricaria chamomilla L.

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