“…Cadmium (Cd) is a well-known environmental stressor, widely distributed in polluted water, atmosphere, soil, and food [ [7] , [8] , [9] , [10] ]. Cd is highly toxic and non-biodegradable and has a half-life of 10–30 years [ 11 ]. Numerous studies have indicated that environmental Cd exposure causes damage of multiple organs, including testicles, liver, kidney, bones and lungs [ [12] , [13] , [14] , [15] , [16] ].…”