Toxic effects of anatoxin-a on testes and sperm counts of male mice

Yavaşoğlu, Altuğ; Karaaslan, Muhammet Ali; Uyanıkgil, Yiğit; Sayim, Ferah; Ateş, Utku; Yavaşoğlu, Nefise Ülkü Karabay

doi:10.1016/j.etp.2008.04.001

Cited by 34 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…treated with racemic (+/-) ATX (50, 100 and 150 µg/kg bw/d) for 7 days, the toxin caused dose-related effects, as degeneration of the seminiferous tubules, vacuolisation in Sertoli cells, loss of germ cells and consequently reduced sperm counts (all doses); histopathological findings were observed only at the high and mid dose (Yavasoglu et al, 2008).…”

Section: Reproductive/developmental Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The NOAEL is derived from histopathological findings observed only at the high and mid dose. Yavasoglu et al, 2008 (±)Anatoxin-a LOAEL 7 days = 50 µg/kg bw/day…”

Section: Subacute/subchronic Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However hystopathological findings are observed only at the high and mid dose. Yavasoglu et al, 2008 Anatoxin-a NOAEL 5 days 125 µg/kg bw/day Mouse. Maternal toxicity Rogers et al, 2005 Anatoxin-a NOAEL 21 days 16 µg/day Rat.…”

Section: Subacute/subchronic Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review and analysis of occurrence, exposure and toxicity of cyanobacteria toxins in food

Testai

Buratti

Funari

et al. 2016

EFS3

102

125

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This report presents the extensive literature search conducted on 1) the occurrence of different cyanotoxins in food matrices; 2) the analytical methods for their detection; 3) their toxicological profile; 3) the environmental factors affecting toxicity of cyanobacterial population and 4) the combined effects of mixtures of cyanotoxins and other chemicals. It also includes a review of guidelines values or health-alert levels for cyanotoxins in food (or drinking water) adopted world-wide. The methodological aspects and the queries used in the extensive literature search, the collection and screening of retrieved papers and the inventory are briefly described in the report; all details are available in 3 supplementary appendices to this report. The analysis of collected papers indicated that most of them are focused on a single microcystin (MC) variant (MC-LR) out of the almost 100 MC known. Many studies on occurrence are affected by limited quality, due to analytical drawbacks in the detection methods and were not considered in the exposure assessment. Toxicity studies useful for the derivation of health based reference values are few, being many of them carried out using i.p. injection, which is poorly representative of actual human exposure. In addition, those toxicological studies carried out with poorly characterised cyanobacterial extracts or focused on single parameters, using a single dose, devoted to elucidation of mechanism of action, reporting qualitative description of effects were not used for data extraction. The relevant exposure scenarios are also described, although being the available data on exposure very limited, no definite conclusion on the health risks for the exposed population could be drawn. However, the possibility of risky exposure is evidenced for fish and shell-fish consumers and for blue-green algae supplements (BGAS) as well in relation to MC contamination. Finally, many data gaps were identified. © European Food Safety Authority, 2016Key words: Cyanobacteria, cyanotoxins, occurrence, toxicity, exposure, risk assessment, data gaps. Question number: EFSA-Q-2015-00141Correspondence:sc.secretariat@efsa.europa.eu Cyanotoxins in foodThe present document has been produced and adopted by the bodies identified above as author(s). This task has been carried out exclusively by the author(s) in the context of a contract between the European Food Safety Authority and the author(s), awarded following a tender procedure. The present document is published complying with the transparency principle to which the Authority is subject. It may not be considered as an output adopted by the Authority. The European Food Safety Authority reserves its rights, view and position as regards the issues addressed and the conclusions reached in the present document, without prejudice to the rights of the authors.www.efsa.europa.eu/publications 2 EFSA Supporting publication 2016:EN-998NDisclaimer: The present document has been produced and adopted by the bodies identified above as author(s). This task has b...

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Section: Reproductive/developmental Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The NOAEL is derived from histopathological findings observed only at the high and mid dose. Yavasoglu et al, 2008 (±)Anatoxin-a LOAEL 7 days = 50 µg/kg bw/day…”

Section: Subacute/subchronic Toxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review and analysis of occurrence, exposure and toxicity of cyanobacteria toxins in food

Testai

Buratti

Funari

et al. 2016

EFS3

102

125

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Section: Serum and Tissue Collectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The left testes were weighed, measured and then fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde (PFA) for histology and immunohistochemistry. Relative testis weight (absolute testis weight/body weight) and relative testis size (absolute testis anteroposterior diameter/body weight) [20] were used to estimate the effects of denervation on testicular development.Testosterone concentration was assayed by radioimmunoassay (RIA) using commercially available kits (Northern Biotechnology, Beijing, China). The sensitivity was 2 pg/ml; the intra-assay coefficient of variation was <9.5%, and the interassay coefficient of variation was <10.3%.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Testicular Denervation in Prepuberty Rat Inhibits Seminiferous Tubule Development and Spermatogenesis

Huo

Zhang

et al. 2010

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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Abstract. In the adult rat, the superior spermatic nerve (SSN) and inferior spermatic nerve (ISN) are involved in regulating testosterone secretion and spermatogenesis, in addition to endocrine control mechanisms. However, there are currently few data on how the testis nerve supply regulates testicular development and related mechanisms. The present study was thus designed to investigate the regulating effects of testis nerve supply to testicular maturation, spermatogenesis and the involved mechanisms from prepuberty to adulthood in rats. We transected the SSNs and ISNs of rats on postnatal day (PD) 30 and then analyzed changes in testicular morphology and cauda epididymal sperm content, cell proliferation and apoptosis and primary spermatocyte meiosis on PD60 and PD90. The results demonstrated that testicular denervation significantly reduced testis mass, cauda epididymal sperm counts and serum testosterone concentrations. Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and cleaved caspase-3 immunohistochemistry staining proved that the denervation had no influence on the proliferation of spermatogonia and primary spermatocytes, but obviously promoted the apoptosis of round spermatids and Leydig cells. It is novel that denervation reduced the meiotic activation of zygotene and pachytene spermatocytes through the expression of synaptonemal complex protein 3 (SCP3)-a marker of meiosis. In addition, RT-PCR showed that testis denervation significantly decreased testis 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (3β-HSD1) and luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR) mRNA levels, but had no obvious influence on testis follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) mRNA expression. These results suggest that the testicular nerve supply plays an important role in supporting seminiferous tubule development and spermatogenesis from prepuberty to adulthood. Key words: Apoptosis, Maldevelopment and spermatogenesis, Meiosis, Testicular denervation (J. Reprod. Dev. 56: [370][371][372][373][374][375][376][377][378] 2010) he development and function of the mammalian testis is regulated by endocrine factors and nervous supply. Compared with the endocrine effects, there are few studies on the nervous control of testicular development, although it has been reported that testicular denervation inhibits testosterone secretion and spermatogenesis in adult rats [1][2][3][4] and that spinal cord injury impairs the fertility of men [5].The nerve supply to the adult rat testis mainly involves the superior spermatic nerve (SSN) and inferior spermatic nerve (ISN). The SSN supplies the testis following the testicular artery [6,7], whereas the ISN enters the testis through the inferior testicular ligament [8]. Bilateral resection of the SSN blocks the acute stressinduced rise in plasma testosterone and decreases testicular luteinizing hormone receptor (LHR) expression [9][10][11]. Stimulation of the SSN increases both testosterone concentration and norepinephrine output in the spermatic vein [3], suggesting that the SSN has a positive effect on regulating testi...

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