Toxic effects in mouse and rat of rubescenslysin from Amanita rubescens

Contents of Carboxylic Acids and Two Phenolics and Antioxidant Activity of Dried Portuguese Wild Edible Mushrooms

“…If we compare S. granulatus samples from diverse geographical origins ( Table 2), we can see that this species follows a qualitative profile composed of oxalic, aconitic, citric, ketoglutaric, malic, quinic, ascorbic, succinic, shikimic, and fumaric acids, with the exceptions of the samples from Macedo de Cavaleiros (samples [21][22][23], in which ketoglutaric acid does not appear, and that from Vila Flor (sample 25), which does not present ketoglutaric, ascorbic, and shikimic acids. For S. granulatus samples from Vinhais and Vila Flor (samples 24A, 24B, 24C, and 25), the pair malic plus quinic acids presented the highest amounts, corresponding to ca.…”

“…In the case of T. rutilans, its influence was studied on the binding of lipopolysaccharides to CD 14 + cells and on the release of inflammatory mediators (16), the isolation of sterol esters (17), and the translocation of soil-derived phosphorus in its mycelia cord systems in relation to inoculum resource size (18). For A. rubescens, previous works concerned the phallotoxins (19), the accumulation of several heavy metals and lanthanides (20), the taxonomy (21), and the toxic effects caused by a hemolytic protein from this species (22).…”

“…For A. rubescens, previous works concerned the phallotoxins (19), the accumulation of several heavy metals and lanthanides (20), the taxonomy (21), and the toxic effects caused by a hemolytic protein from this species (22).…”

Possible Role of Fungal Hemolysins in Sick Building Syndrome

“…The macro-fungal hemolysins rubescenslysin (Seeger et al, 1981) and flammutoxin (Lin et al, 1974) caused pulmonary bleeding in experimental animals. Pure asp-hemolysin is cytotoxic for vascular endothelial cells (Kumagai et al, 2001), leading to hemorrhagic lesions 204 VESPER AND VESPER in animals (Sakaguchi and Yokota 1972).…”

“…Skeletal muscle exposed to rubescenslysin showed a loss of direct and indirect excitability, and rubescenslysin also caused membrane damage in the renal parenchyma (Odenthal et al, 1982). Dosing of experimental animals resulted in vascular permeability leading to cardiotoxicity, seizures, and ultimately hemorrhagic, pulmonary edema and death (Odenthal et al, 1982;Seeger et al, 1981). Phallolysin destroys leukocytes as well as RBCs (Faulstich et al, 1974) and is the most potent toxin produced by the mushroom Amanita phalloides.…”