Toxic effects and ultrastructural damages to Daphnia magna of two differently sized ZnO nanoparticles: Does size matter?

Santo, Nadia; Fascio, Umberto; Torres, Francesco; Guazzoni, Niccolò; Tremolada, Paolo; Bettinetti, Roberta; Mantecca, Paride; Bacchetta, Renato

doi:10.1016/j.watres.2014.01.036

Cited by 83 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Although larger NPs appear to pass the gut and are rarely taken up (Mendonça et al 2011;Adam et al 2015), smaller sized NPs (10-40 nm) such as ZnO NPs, polystyrene NPs (PSNPs) and nanowires have been demonstrated to pass the gut epithelial membrane (Santo et al 2014;Rosenkranz et al 2009;Mattsson et al 2016). Our current notion of cellular targets of PS particles relies on CONTACT Nadja R. Brun n.r.brun@cml.leidenuniv.nl Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands Supplemental data for this article can be accessed here.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brood pouch-mediated polystyrene nanoparticle uptake during Daphnia magna embryogenesis

et al. 2017

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Nanoplastic debris is currently expected to be ubiquitously distributed in aquatic environments and an emerging environmental issue affecting organisms across trophic levels. While ingestion of particles receives most attention, other routes of uptake and cellular accumulation remain unexplored. Here, the planktonic filter feeder Daphnia magna was used to track routes of uptake and target tissues of polystyrene nanoparticles (PSNPs). A sublethal concentration of 5 mg L À1 fluorescent PSNPs (25 nm) was used to monitor accumulation in adult animals as well as their embryos in the open brood pouch. A time series throughout embryonic development within the brood pouch revealed accumulation of PSNP in or on lipophilic cells in the early stages of embryonic development while the embryo is still surrounded by a chorion and before the beginning of organogenesis. In contrast, PSNP particles were neither detected in the gut epithelium nor in lipid droplets in adults. An ex vivo exposure of embryos to PSNP demonstrated a similar accumulation of PSNP in or on lipophilic cells, illustrating the likelihood of brood pouch-mediated PSNP uptake by embryos. By demonstrating embryo PSNP uptake via the brood pouch, data presented here give novel insights in bioaccumulation of nanoparticles and likely other lipophilic contaminants. Since this uptake route can occur within a diverse array of aquatic organisms, this study warrants consideration of brood pouch-mediated accumulation in efforts studying the hazards and risks of nanoparticle contamination. ARTICLE HISTORY

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Brood pouch-mediated polystyrene nanoparticle uptake during Daphnia magna embryogenesis

et al. 2017

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“…For example, metal silver NPs used as antimicrobials in consumer products such as socks and titanium oxide used in sunscreens and paints have already been detected in effluent and sludge from wastewater treatment plants (Farkas et al, 2011;Kaegi et al, 2008;Kim et al, 2010a;Westerhoff et al, 2011). Research on the toxic effects of these NPs on aquatic organisms reported in the literature has largely focused on metals and metal oxides such as silver (Newton et al, 2013;Ribeiro et al, 2014;Scown et al, 2010), copper oxide (Fan et al, 2012;Griffitt et al, 2009;Heinlaan et al, 2008), titanium dioxide (Dalai et al, 2014;Kim et al, 2010b;Wiench et al, 2009), and zinc oxide (Poynton et al, 2011;Santo et al, 2014). However, many other NPs are in development that are more complex and include ligands that can change the surface properties of NPs and thus their interactions in the environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of charge and surface ligand properties of nanoparticles on oxidative stress and gene expression within the gut of Daphnia magna

et al. 2015

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Concern has been raised regarding the current and future release of engineered nanomaterials into aquatic environments from industry and other sources. However, not all nanomaterials may cause an environmental impact and identifying which nanomaterials may be of greatest concern has been difficult. It is thought that the surface groups of a functionalized nanoparticles (NPs) may play a significant role in determining their interactions with aquatic organisms, but the way in which surface properties of NPs impact their toxicity in whole organisms has been minimally explored. A major point of interaction of NPs with aquatic organisms is in the gastrointestinal tract as they ingest particulates from the water column or from the sediment. The main goal of this study was to use model gold NP (AuNPs) to evaluate the potential effects of the different surfaces groups on NPs on the gut of an aquatic model organism, Daphnia magna. In this study, we exposed daphnids to a range of AuNPs concentrations and assessed the impact of AuNP exposure in the daphnid gut by measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and expression of genes associated with oxidative stress and general cellular stress: glutathione S-transferase (gst), catalase (cat), heat shock protein 70 (hsp70), and metallothionein1 (mt1). We found ROS formation and gene expression were impacted by both charge and the specific surface ligand used. We detected some degree of ROS production in all NP exposures, but positively charged AuNPs induced a greater ROS response. Similarly, we observed that, compared to controls, both positively charged AuNPs and only one negatively AuNP impacted expression of genes associated with cellular stress. Finally, ligand-AuNP exposures showed a different toxicity and gene expression profile than the ligand alone, indicating a NP specific effect.

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“…Heinlaan et al monitored D. magna at 6 time points up to 48‐h exposure to 30 nm CuO nanoparticles and found nanoparticles close to microvilli only at 48 h. These differences indicate that the peritrophic membrane might act as an initial size‐dependent barrier. Internalization via the gut epithelium in D. magna has been shown for ZnO nanoparticles, with the most efficient uptake of 10‐nm to 30‐nm particles . The nanoparticles were internalized and found inside microvilli and gut cells at various locations, as well as in the gut muscles, indicating that they were able to cross the basal lamina as well.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…More recently, electron microscopy techniques are increasingly being applied for detection of nanoparticles in biological samples to examine uptake and internalization of nanoparticles in cells of whole aquatic organisms . Although cellular uptake of nanoparticles from the gut has been observed by Garcia‐Alonso et al in the estuarine polychaete Nereis diversicolor and by Santo et al in Daphnia magna , most studies using electron microscopy imaging are inconclusive or report no or limited detection of nanoparticle internalization , albeit disturbed gut cells . The use of electron microscopy techniques such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM) also involves the risk of misinterpretation of results obtained from microscopy of nanoparticle internalization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Not all that glitters is gold—Electron microscopy study on uptake of gold nanoparticles in Daphnia magna and related artifacts

Jensen

Skjolding

Thit

et al. 2016

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Increasing use of engineered nanoparticles has led to extensive research into their potential hazards to the environment and human health. Cellular uptake from the gut is sparsely investigated, and microscopy techniques applied for uptake studies can result in misinterpretations. Various microscopy techniques were used to investigate internalization of 10‐nm gold nanoparticles in Daphnia magna gut lumen and gut epithelial cells following 24‐h exposure and outline potential artifacts (i.e., high‐contrast precipitates from sample preparation related to these techniques). Light sheet microscopy confirmed accumulation of gold nanoparticles in the gut lumen. Scanning transmission electron microscopy and elemental analysis revealed gold nanoparticles attached to the microvilli of gut cells. Interestingly, the peritrophic membrane appeared to act as a semipermeable barrier between the lumen and the gut epithelium, permitting only single particles through. Structures resembling nanoparticles were also observed inside gut cells. Elemental analysis could not verify these to be gold, and they were likely artifacts from the preparation, such as osmium and iron. Importantly, gold nanoparticles were found inside holocrine cells with disrupted membranes. Thus, false‐positive observations of nanoparticle internalization may result from either preparation artifacts or mistaking disrupted cells for intact cells. These findings emphasize the importance of cell integrity and combining elemental analysis with the localization of internalized nanoparticles using transmission electron microscopy. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:1503–1509. © 2016 SETAC

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Toxic effects and ultrastructural damages to Daphnia magna of two differently sized ZnO nanoparticles: Does size matter?

Cited by 83 publications

References 37 publications

Brood pouch-mediated polystyrene nanoparticle uptake during Daphnia magna embryogenesis

Brood pouch-mediated polystyrene nanoparticle uptake during Daphnia magna embryogenesis

Effects of charge and surface ligand properties of nanoparticles on oxidative stress and gene expression within the gut of Daphnia magna

Not all that glitters is gold—Electron microscopy study on uptake of gold nanoparticles in Daphnia magna and related artifacts

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