Toxic effect of the bloom‐forming <i>Trichodesmium</i> sp. (cyanophyta) to the copepod <i>Acartia tonsa</i>

Guo, Chunzhi; Tester, Patricia A.

doi:10.1002/nt.2620020411

Cited by 57 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…These results agree with previous studies that found the presence of substances toxic to invertebrates in extracts of T. erythaeum from the São Paulo coast (10). Guo and Tester (6) showed that while intact, cells…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The role of toxic substances in Trichodesmium spp. is related mainly to allelopathic functions, which may be very important since these organisms live in environments with low nutrient availability, indicating that competition for this resource may be high (6). Therefore, allopathic substances could be of evolutionary importance.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the same manner, toxic compounds might limit or restrict the grazing on Trichodesmium by microcrustaceans or even by fish. On the other hand, compounds other than the toxins analyzed, such as MIC and STX analogues, can have similar effects since several components can be produced by the same organisms (6,10,21,24).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The colors of the patches change according to the cell's physiological state, and can be greenish, brownish, whitish, yellowish or reddish (4,5). The structure of the plankton community is affected by Trichodesmium due to the production of toxins that can act allopathically against grazers (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Screening the toxicity and toxin content of blooms of the cyanobacterium Trichodesmium erythraeum (Ehrenberg) in northeast Brasil

Proença¹,

Tamanaha²,

Fonseca³

2009

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

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ABSTRACT:Blooms of the cyanobacterium Trichodesmium occur in massive colored patches over large areas of tropical and subtropical oceans. Recently, the interest in such events has increased given their role in major nitrogen and carbon dioxide oceanic fluxes. Trichodesmium occurs all along the Brazilian coast and patches frequently migrate towards the coast. In this paper we screen the toxicity and toxin content of Trichodesmium blooms off the coast of Bahia state. Four samples, collected from February to April 2007, were analyzed. Organisms were identified and assessed for toxicity by means of several methods. Analogues of microcystins, cylindrospermopsins and saxitoxins were analyzed using HPLC. Microcystins were also assayed through ELISA. Results showed dominance of T. erythraeum, which makes up as much as 99% of cell counts. Other organisms found in smaller quantities include the dinoflagellates Prorocentrum minimum and P. rhathymum. Extracts from all samples delayed or interrupted sea urchin larval development, but presented no acute toxicity during a mouse bioassay. Saxitoxin congeners and microcystins were present at low concentrations in all samples, occurrences that had not previously been reported in the literature. Despite our finding of saxitoxin analogues and microcystins in Trichodesmium blooms, these toxins do not represent a potential harm to human health by primary contact. We conclude, based on our results and those reported in the recent literature, which differ from results published in 1963, that although toxins are present, there is no evidence that T. erythraeum blooms represent a threat to humans.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Screening the toxicity and toxin content of blooms of the cyanobacterium Trichodesmium erythraeum (Ehrenberg) in northeast Brasil

Proença¹,

Tamanaha²,

Fonseca³

2009

J. Venom. Anim. Toxins incl. Trop. Dis

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“…Toxicity tests conducted with Trichodesmium sp. cells on the copepod Acartia tonsa demonstrated that intact cells were not toxic to A. tonsa, but the homogenized cells were (Guo and Tester, 1994). Thus the authors suggested that the alga contained one or more intracellular biotoxins.…”

Section: Cyanobacterial Toxinsmentioning

confidence: 87%

Harmful Algal Blooms: Physiology, Behavior, Population Dynamics and Global Impacts- A Review

Al-Ghelani

Alkindi

Amer

et al. 2005

SQU Journal for Science

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Harmful, toxic algae are now considered as one of the important players in the newly emerging environmental risk factors. The apparent global increase in harmful algal blooms (HABs) is becoming a serious problem in both aquaculture and fisheries populations. Not only has the magnitude and intensity of public health and economic impacts of these blooms increased in recent years, but the number of geographic locations experiencing toxic algal blooms has also increased dramatically. There are two primary factors causing HABs outbreaks. The natural processes such as upwelling and relaxation, and the anthropogenic loading resulting in eutrophication. However, the influence of global climate changes on algal bloom phenomenon cannot be ignored. The problem warrants development of effective strategies for the management and mitigation of HABs. Progress made in the routine coastal monitoring programs, development of methods for detection of algal species and toxins and coastal modeling activities for predicting HABs reflect the international concerns regarding the impacts of AL-GHELANI, H.M., ALKINDI, A.Y.A, AMER, S. AND AL-AKHZAMI, Y.K. 2HABs. Innovative techniques using molecular probes will hopefully result in development of rapid, reliable screening methods for phycotoxins and the causative organisms.

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Trichodesmium

Webb¹,

Foster²,

Villareal³

et al. 2022

Bergey's Manual of Systematics of Archaea and Bacteria

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Tri.cho.des'mi.um. Gr. fem. n. thrix , trichos , hair; Gr. masc. n. desmos , bond; N.L. neut. n. Trichodesmium , bonded filaments. Cyanobacteria / Subsection III / Oscillatoriales / Microcoleaceae / Trichodesmium Filamentous, marine cyanobacteria that divide exclusively by binary fission in one plane. Trichomes of different species or strains range from 5 to 35 μm in diameter. Isolates have cells that range from barrel to disk shaped; constrictions at cross‐walls are shallow. Trichomes can arrange in parallel fascicles or form radiate macroscopic clusters in situ (i.e., colonies), while many strains and natural communities exist as free trichomes. Gliding motility has been observed. Trichodesmium species are often important N 2 ‐fixing constituents of the plankton in tropical to subtropical oceans. Additionally, they can form extensive, ephemeral surface blooms with high cellular abundance under calm sea conditions. Trichodesmium spp. are aerobic, oxygenic phototrophs that fix carbon dioxide using the RuBisCO pathway. Photoheterotrophy has not been demonstrated. N 2 fixation is performed during the daylight hours without heterocysts, and neither hormogonia nor akinetes have been observed. Trichodesmium isolates range from reddish/orange to greenish yellow in color, with absorption peaks for phycourobilin (PUB, 498 nm), phycoerythrobilin (PEB, 545 nm), and/or phycocyanin (PC, 618 nm). All known members contain abundant gas vacuoles, generally dispersed throughout the cells and exceptionally resistant to collapse, even at hydrostatic pressures of 12–27 bars. DNA G + C content (mol%) = 33–34. G enome of type species : Trichodesmium erythraeum IMS101 (Walworth et al., 2015). Type species : Trichodesmium erythraeum Ehrenberg ex Gomont 1892.

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Toxic effect of the bloom‐forming Trichodesmium sp. (cyanophyta) to the copepod Acartia tonsa

Cited by 57 publications

References 23 publications

Screening the toxicity and toxin content of blooms of the cyanobacterium Trichodesmium erythraeum (Ehrenberg) in northeast Brasil

Screening the toxicity and toxin content of blooms of the cyanobacterium Trichodesmium erythraeum (Ehrenberg) in northeast Brasil

Harmful Algal Blooms: Physiology, Behavior, Population Dynamics and Global Impacts- A Review

Trichodesmium

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