Toxic effect of malathion on acetylcholinesterase activity of liver, brain and gills of freshwater catfish Heteropneustes fossilis

Abstract

The toxic effects of malathion were evident in the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity of liver, brain and gills of freshwater catfish Heteropneustes fossilis. Maximum inhibition of 77. 12% and 72.83% were recorded in brain and gills respectively after 72 hour of exposure to 4.80 mg/l pesticide. However, in liver highest inhibition of 67. 81% in enzyme level was noticed at 6.50 mg/l pesticide concentration after 24 hours of exposure, beyond which fish could not survive. Pesticide repressed the enzyme activity so intensely that it showed no sign of return to normalcy. The fish also elicited dissociated behaviour with increasing concentrations of pesticide toxicity.

Effect of Particle Size and Pesticide Contamination on Preference and Ingestion Rates by the Tropical Freshwater Shrimp <i>Xiphocaris elongata</i>

“…Chandra [47] showed maximum inhibition of 77.12% and 72.83% in the brain and gills, respectively, after the exposition of the freshwater catfish Heteropneustes fossilis to malathion. Moreover, Ibrahim among others [48] found that AChE activity in the dipteran Chironomus riparius significantly declines when the animals are exposed to permethrin.…”

Determination of 73 multi-class pesticides in okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L.) fruits using LC–MS/MS and GC–MS/MS and estimation of analytical uncertainty of measurement

“…Pesticide residue determination in okra fruits with an analytical method using GC–MS found 70 to 120% of recovery with 1:1n-hexane and dichloromethane extraction (liquid–liquid extraction) with florisil clean-up column of okra fruits at 0.10 μg kg −1 fortification ( Essumang, Asare, & Dodoo, 2013 ). To quantify pyrethroid residues, the method developed using gas chromatography electron capture detector by Chandra (2008) and Kumari et al (2005) inferior to the method developed on mass spectrometry. Saeid and Selim (2012) standardized a method to estimate the 86 different crop protection pesticides using GC–MS with a detection limit of 0.01mgkg −1 for raw non-leafy vegetables.…”