Toxic dinoflagellates in the Mediterranean sea

Honsell, Giorgio; Nichetto, Paola; Sidari, Laura; Tubaro, Aurelia

doi:10.1080/11263509509436153

Cited by 13 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…The number of species in our list is high also considering that no specific project was aimed at retrieving harmful taxa of the area and that we missed systematic sampling in the surf zone, enclosed areas, coastal lagoons, harbours and benthic environments that could harbour more of these species. We found the major part of the harmful species recorded in the Mediterranean Sea (Honsell et al, 1995;Vila et al, 2001a). Interestingly, we did not find some of the species common at other Mediterranean sites, e.g.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Potentially toxic and harmful microalgae from coastal waters of the Campania region (Tyrrhenian Sea, Mediterranean Sea)

et al. 2006

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Potentially toxic and harmful microalgae from coastal waters of the Campania region (Tyrrhenian Sea, Mediterranean Sea)

et al. 2006

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“…Harmful algal blooms (HABs) are common phenomena in coastal waters of the Mediterranean Sea. Most of these blooms are caused by dinoflagellates, including Alexandrium minutum as one of the most widespread species (Honsell et al. 1995).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Short‐term variations in development of a recurrent toxic Alexandrium minutum–dominated dinoflagellate bloom induced by meteorological conditions¹

Lenning

Vila

Masó

et al. 2007

Journal of Phycology

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Development of an Alexandrium minutum Halim bloom affecting a Mediterranean harbor was monitored in detail using a multidisciplinary approach. A. minutum was by far the most abundant species at and near the bloom maximum, but always coexisted with members of three additional dinoflagellate genera and prasinophytes. Bloom initiation (early February) occurred during prolonged influences of sunny weather conditions, when day length exceeded 10.5 h and water temperatures reached 10.2°C. Subsequent development toward its maximum (end of March) also relied on good weather conditions, with specific wind directions favoring accumulation of cells. Arrival of rainy weather, associated with frontal boundaries of large-scale lowatmospheric-pressure systems and characterized by reduced solar irradiance (heavy cloud coverage), opposite wind directions, and enhanced wind speeds, always caused temporal declines of the bloom. These declines were attributed to dispersal or displacement of algae, but a vertical migration of A. minutum cells toward the sediment was not excluded. Delayed inflows of excess terrestrial rainwater along the inner harbor wall strongly reduced salinity and prolonged a temporal decline far beyond influences of bad weather. The associated nutrient supply favored development of the phytoplankton population but reduced the toxin production of A. minutum cells. The HPLC-determined Gonyautoxin (GTX) 1 + 4 ⁄ GTX 2 + 3 ratio strongly increased toward the bloom maximum. This ratio was influenced by nutrient status and cell density and has a potential value for monitoring developmental stages of blooms. Prolonged bad weather conditions eventually hindered continuation of bloom development, and subsequent declines of algal biomass were attributed to grazing.

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“…Since the 1980s, an increase in Harmful Algal Bloom (HAB) events has been noted on a worldscale (Anderson 1989;Smayda 1990;Hallegraeff 1993), including Mediterranean waters (Honsell et al, 1995;Vila et al, 2001a). Currently, HAB events are recognised as one of the main problems of coastal areas that affect the environment and coastal populations in many different ways.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoplankton functional groups and harmful algae species in anthropogenically impacted waters of the NW Mediterranean Sea

Vila¹,

Masó²

2005

Sci. Mar.

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SUMMARY: Phytoplankton assemblages were analysed by multivariate analysis techniques in highly modified waterbodies (harbours) of the northwestern Mediterranean Sea over an annual cycle. The phytoplankton functional groups that characterise these anthropogenically impacted waters were identified and related to HAB events. Four functional groups can be distinguished from the analysis: (1) bloom-forming dinoflagellates, (2) winter diatoms, (3) summer-autumn diatoms, and (4) large dinoflagellates and elongated diatoms. The species that characterise these functional groups occurred at all sampling stations. Potentially harmful species are distributed through all the clusters. However, bloom-forming dinoflagellates occur particularly in large harbours and during summer months. The results indicate that: (1) functional groups indicate where and when there is a high risk of blooms, but they cannot determine the risk of a toxic or fish-killing event; and (2) large harbours in tideless seas must be considered as areas with a high risk of high-biomass bloom occurrences.Key words: phytoplankton assemblages, functional groups, toxic dinoflagellates, Mediterranean Sea, HAB. RESUMEN: GRUPOS FUNCIONALES DE FITOPLÁNCTON Y ESPECIES TÓXICAS O NOCIVAS EN AGUAS DEL MEDITERRANEO NORDOC-CIDENTAL IMPACTADAS ANTRÓPICAMENTE. -Se presentan los resultados de un analisis multivariante de asociaciones fitoplanctónicas en aguas confinadas (puertos) del Mediterráneo nordoccidental a lo largo de un ciclo anual. El objetivo del estudio es identificar los grupos funcionales de fitopláncton que caracterizan aguas impactadas por efectos antrópicos y determinar su relación con las incidencias de especies tóxicas o nocivas (HAB). Se han identificado cuatro grupos funcionales: (1) dinoflageados formadores de proliferaciones, (2) diatomeas de invierno, (3) diatomeas de verano-otoño, y (4) dinoflagelados y diatomeas de gran tamaño. En todas las estaciones muestreadas se detectan las especies que caracterizan los cuatro grupos funcionales. Sin embargo, los dinoflageados formadores de proliferaciones aparecen principalmente en puertos grandes y durante los meses de verano. Los resultados indican que: (1) Los grupos funcionales indican donde y cuando hay riesgo de proliferaciones, pero no pueden determinar el riesgo de un determinado evento tóxico. Y (2) los puertos grandes situados en mares con escasa amplitud mareal deben considerarse con un elevado riesgo de proliferaciones de elevada biomasa.

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Toxic dinoflagellates in the Mediterranean sea

Cited by 13 publications

References 34 publications

Potentially toxic and harmful microalgae from coastal waters of the Campania region (Tyrrhenian Sea, Mediterranean Sea)

Potentially toxic and harmful microalgae from coastal waters of the Campania region (Tyrrhenian Sea, Mediterranean Sea)

Short‐term variations in development of a recurrent toxic Alexandrium minutum–dominated dinoflagellate bloom induced by meteorological conditions¹

Phytoplankton functional groups and harmful algae species in anthropogenically impacted waters of the NW Mediterranean Sea

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Toxic dinoflagellates in the Mediterranean sea

Cited by 13 publications

References 34 publications

Potentially toxic and harmful microalgae from coastal waters of the Campania region (Tyrrhenian Sea, Mediterranean Sea)

Potentially toxic and harmful microalgae from coastal waters of the Campania region (Tyrrhenian Sea, Mediterranean Sea)

Short‐term variations in development of a recurrent toxic Alexandrium minutum–dominated dinoflagellate bloom induced by meteorological conditions1

Phytoplankton functional groups and harmful algae species in anthropogenically impacted waters of the NW Mediterranean Sea

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Short‐term variations in development of a recurrent toxic Alexandrium minutum–dominated dinoflagellate bloom induced by meteorological conditions¹