Toxic chemicals

Carson, Phillip; Mumford, C.J.

doi:10.1016/b978-075064888-2/50006-2

Cited by 26 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Au, Be, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pd, Sb, and V are reported as toxic metals (see Table S4). − Indeed, many MOFs are built from toxic metals such as Ni and Cd, which are not suitable in biological applications, particularly for in vivo use; therefore, only structures without toxic metal elements were chosen for further study . In addition, radioactive metals were also excluded to avoid potential radiation hazards.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of Biocompatible MOFs for the Clearance of Indoxyl Sulfate Using GCMC Simulations

Gong

Cao

et al. 2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Indoxyl sulfate is a typical protein-bound uremic toxin, which is related to chronic kidney disease and a series of adverse effects such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Currently, there is still no effective method to specifically remove protein-bound urinary toxins. In this work, potential, highperformance, biocompatible metal−organic frameworks (MOFs) for adsorbing indoxyl sulfate were screened on a large scale. Then, the uptakes of indoxyl sulfate in some selected MOFs were calculated using the grand canonical Monte Carlo method. It was found that the accessible surface area, void fraction, accessible pore volume, and largest cavity diameter of MOFs are the key influential parameters. Furthermore, MOFs with aromatic ligands containing carboxylic acid groups and metal clusters show the best adsorption performance for indoxyl sulfate (>2100 mg/g), which is attributed to the negatively charged carboxyl groups, pyrrolidinyl nitrogen atoms with lone pairs of electrons, or open metal sites.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening of Biocompatible MOFs for the Clearance of Indoxyl Sulfate Using GCMC Simulations

Gong

Cao

et al. 2022

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…The biggest issue is the use of NH 4 OH due to the high volatility at any temperature and harm to humans. [56][57] This limitation makes this procedure challenging to scale up. Moreover, N. Dave et al used the ASPEN simulation results to demonstrate that the loss of ammonia during the processes was most, and the alternative of NH 4 OH, amines, had better theoretical performance and wider operational temperature.…”

Section: Solvay Process/modified Solvay Processmentioning

confidence: 99%

Total Resource Circulation of Desalination Brine: A Review

Lee,

Ho,

Chen

et al. 2024

Advanced Sustainable Systems

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Desalination brine is a concentrated stream that is generated during the desalination process. Brine commonly has high salinity and TDS (total dissolved ions), which contains ions such as Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl−, SO42−, HCO3−, PO43−, and some critical elements. Currently, the brine treatment mainly applies direct disposal, like surface water discharge, sewer discharge, deep‐well injection, and evaporation ponds. However, these methods can cause harm to marine ecosystems, soil, and groundwater. Therefore, brine can be regarded as a resource to be reutilized. This work then aims to highlight the novel developments of brine application. For example, Na, Ca, and Mg in brine can be employed for carbon capture and utilization with ammonia, amines, and alkaline substances. With slight adjustment, brine can also be directly used as irrigation water, aquaculture water, and the activation of biochar. Furthermore, brine holds a higher concentration of critical elements, which makes many countries and scholars start to conduct element extraction, reducing the amount of ore exploitation. At last, the major obstacles related to these advancements in sustainability, expenses, and technological aspects are outlined, and promising research trends of brine reutilization are also suggested.

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“…Ammonia (NH3) is a colorless alkaline gas with an irritating odor. This gas is used in refrigeration, fertilizer production, metal industries, the petroleum, chemical and rubber industries, domestic cleaning agents and water purification [1]. Ammonia gas is irritating to the eyes, respiratory tract and mucous membranes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ammonia gas is irritating to the eyes, respiratory tract and mucous membranes. Clearly at high concentrations (1700 ppm) ammonia lead to serious coughing, and bronchial spasms and <30 min exposure may be fatal [1,2]. In addition to human life, ammonia is also is highly poisonous to fish [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Şabazit Tipi Doğal Zeolit Kullanılarak Amonyak Gazının Uzaklaştırılması

GÜNAL

ERDOĞAN

2022

Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi

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Bu çalışmada, Bala'dan elde edilen şabazit (CHA) ve katyon (Na+, K+, Ca+2 ve Mg+2) değiştirilmiş ve hidroklorik asitle aktifleştirilmiş formları, ortamdan amonyak giderimindeki olası kullanılabilirliklerini göstermek amacıyla incelendi. Katyon değiştirilmiş ve asitle aktiflenmiş formlar sırasıyla, 1.0 M’lık KNO3, NaNO3, Mg(NO3)2, Ca(NO3)2 ve 0.1 M ve 1.0 M’lık HCl solüsyonları kullanılarak 90 oC'de 5 saat süreyle hazırlandı. Tüm numunelerin termal ve yapısal özellikleri TG-DTA, XRD ve XRF yöntemleri ile belirlendi. Şabazit numunelerinin BET yüzey alanları (231-448 m2 g-1), mikro gözenek yüzey alanları (216.2-421.3 m2 g-1) ve mikro gözenek hacimleri (0.086-0.169 cm3 g-1) 77 K'de elde edilen N2 adsorpsiyon izotermleri ile hesaplandı. Amonyak adsorpsiyon izotermleri 3Flex-Micromeritics cihazı ile 25 °C'de volumetrik olarak elde edildi. Şabazit numunelerinin amonyak adsorpsiyon kapasiteleri (5.699-8.931 mmol g-1), sırasıyla katyon değişimi ve asit aktivasyon işlemlerinin neden olduğu içeriksel ve yapısal değişiklikler açısından karşılaştırıldı.

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Toxic chemicals

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

Screening of Biocompatible MOFs for the Clearance of Indoxyl Sulfate Using GCMC Simulations

Screening of Biocompatible MOFs for the Clearance of Indoxyl Sulfate Using GCMC Simulations

Total Resource Circulation of Desalination Brine: A Review

Şabazit Tipi Doğal Zeolit Kullanılarak Amonyak Gazının Uzaklaştırılması

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