Toxic Air Pollutant Vehicle Exhaust Emissions with Reformulated Gasolines

Gorse, Robert A.; Benson, Jack D.; Burns, Vaughn R.; Hochhauser, Albert M.; Koehl, William J.; Painter, Louis J.; Reuter, Robert M.; Rippon, Brian H.

doi:10.4271/912324

Cited by 50 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The higher emission of carbonyls from BE-diesel may be attributed to the ethanol and oxygenated ester group present in the BE-diesel. This result is in agreement with those of the previous studies (Cardone et al, 2002;Gorse et al, 1991;Reuter et al, 1992). Acetaldehyde was found to be the most abundant component in total carbonyls from BE-diesel with the emissions of 67.3-287 mg kW À1 h À1 and accounted for 28-38% of total carbonyls emissions, while formaldehyde was the dominant component from diesel with the emissions of 62-161 mg kW À1 h À1 and accounted for 13-39% of total carbonyls emissions.…”

Section: Comparison Of Carbonyls Emissions Between Bediesel and Dieselsupporting

confidence: 92%

Carbonyls emission from ethanol-blended gasoline and biodiesel-ethanol-diesel used in engines

Pang

Yuan

et al. 2008

Atmospheric Environment

114

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Detailed carbonyls emissions from ethanol-blended gasoline (containing 10% v/v, ethanol, E-10) and biodiesel-ethanoldiesel (BE-diesel) were carefully investigated on an EQ491i gasoline engine equipped with a three-way-catalyst (TWC) and a Commins-4B diesel engine. In engine-out emissions for the gasoline engine, total carbonyls from E-10 varied in the range of 66.7-99.4 mg kW À1 h À1, which was 3.1-8.2% less than those from fossil gasoline (E-0). In tailpipe emissions, total carbonyls from E-10 varied in the range of 9.2-20.7 mg kW À1 h À1, which were 3.0-61.7% higher than those from E-0. The total carbonyls emissions from BE-diesel were 1-22% higher than those from diesel at different engine operating conditions. Compared with fossil fuels, E-10 can slightly reduce CO emission, and BE-diesel can substantially decrease PM emission, while both alternative fuels increased slightly NO x emission. r

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Section: Comparison Of Carbonyls Emissions Between Bediesel and Dieselsupporting

confidence: 92%

Carbonyls emission from ethanol-blended gasoline and biodiesel-ethanol-diesel used in engines

Pang

Yuan

et al. 2008

Atmospheric Environment

114

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“…The slightly higher emission of carbonyls for BE-diesel may be attributed to the oxygenated ester group and ethanol present in the BE-diesel. The result is in agreement with those of the previous studies (Cardone et al, 2002;Gorse et al, 1991;Reuter et al, 1992).…”

Section: Carbonyls Emissions From Be-diesel and Dieselsupporting

confidence: 83%

Characteristics of carbonyl compounds emission from a diesel-engine using biodiesel–ethanol–diesel as fuel

Pang

Shi

et al. 2006

Atmospheric Environment

121

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Characteristics of carbonyl compounds (carbonyls) emissions from biodiesel-ethanol-diesel (BE-diesel) were investigated in a Commins-4B diesel engine and compared with those from fossil diesel. Acetaldehyde was the most abundant carbonyls in the exhaust, followed by formaldehyde, acetone, propionaldehyde and benzaldehyde. Apliphatic carbonyls emitted from BE-diesel were higher than those from diesel fuel, while formaldehyde and aromatic carbonyls were less than those from diesel fuel. Total carbonyls emissions from BE-diesel were 1-12% higher than those from diesel fuel depending on engine operating conditions. The effects of engine speed and load level were also investigated carefully. It was found that total carbonyls emission was in positive correlation with the engine speed. During the constant speed/ varying load tests, minimum total carbonyls emission was found at 50% load. Compared with fossil diesel, the BE-diesel was observed to significantly reduce PM emission and increase slightly NO x emission. r

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“…Most of the species measured by the FTIR have also been detected by other researchers [34][35][36] in exhaust emissions using traditional bag sampling and GC or CI-MS. The major FTIR-measured species like benzene, alkyl-benzenes, methane, toluene and xylenes are in reasonable proportions to each other when compared to the literature data.…”

Section: Advantages Of Ftirmentioning

confidence: 86%