Tower-observed structural evolution of the low-level boundary layer before, during, and after gust front passage in a coastal area at low latitude

Downward Momentum Flux: An Important Mechanism of Typhoon Maintaining Ground Destructive Force

“…The measured time series acquired with a datalogger (CR3000, Campbell Scientific, Inc.) from the EC systems are sampled at 10 Hz and stored for postfield processing. Additional site information and instrumentations with respect to the air quality monitoring are documented elsewhere (He et al., 2022; Li et al., 2022; Xie et al., 2022).…”

Wind Gust Parameters in the Lower Troposphere Based on Doppler Lidar Data

“…(2022) and Xie et al. (2022), who used a 356 m high meteorological tower in Shenzhen to observe the structure of wind and turbulence, illustrate that turbulence tends to strengthen before the passage of gusts and there is stronger turbulent dissipation at the top of the tower compared to 10 m. However, due to the limitation of observational data, these studies could not reflect the atmospheric gusts in the whole boundary layer, especially above 300 m. Moreover, as the wind flow at higher levels is transported downward to the ground, gusts at the top of the boundary layer may have many different characteristics compared to those at the ground level (Brasseur, 2001).…”

“…To find out the possible mechanisms behind, Luchetti et al (2020) further assessed the changes in meteorological elements during the passage of gusts and found that the vertical airflow and turbulent kinetic energy are enhanced in most cases. The observations by He et al (2022) and Xie et al (2022), who used a 356 m high meteorological tower in Shenzhen to observe the structure of wind and turbulence, illustrate that turbulence tends to strengthen before the passage of gusts and there is stronger turbulent dissipation at the top of the tower compared to 10 m. However, due to the limitation of observational data, these studies could not reflect the atmospheric gusts in the whole boundary layer, especially above 300 m. Moreover, as the wind flow at higher levels is transported downward to the ground, gusts at the top of the boundary layer may have many different characteristics compared to those at the ground level (Brasseur, 2001). Doppler lidar emits laser pulses to detect atmospheric wind information based on the Doppler shift of the laser signal generated by atmospheric aerosol particles.…”

Comparison of Spring Wind Gusts in the Eastern Part of the Tibetan Plateau and along the Coast: The Role of Turbulence

“…Wind gusts are closely related to atmospheric variables such as mean wind speed, boundary layer turbulence, bottom surface and atmospheric stability, as many studies have found in recent years with the increasing number of ground-based observations [4][5][6]. Many studies [7,8] have indicated that turbulence is one of the most important factors affecting gust formation. For example, Hu et al [5] showed that near-surface wind gusts are closely related to mean wind speed and turbulence intensity.…”