Towel curettage for a new definition of postpartum period after cesarean section

Abstract

INTRODUCTIONThe puerperium (postpartum period or postnatal period) is the period following delivery, during which the hormonal levels and most of the changes in the organs and systems evoluted during pregnancy involute back to its prepregnancy condition. The duration of puerperium starts immediately after the birth of a child and lasts for six weeks during which complete physiological and psychological adjustment occurs, and despite of the indisputable importance of this part of human reproductive process it does not get an adequate attention as the other aspects of obstetrics and gynecology. Iron deficiency is the commonest Nutritional deficiency disorder in the world, affecting more than two billion people. World Health Organization (WHO) show that iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in pregnancy is a big problem with a prevalence over 14% of pregnant women in the first world countries to an average of 56% in the third world countries. 2-3Anemia after the delivery of a child is a common problem throughout the world with the highest prevalence in the developing counties where it represents a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortalities. It has been estimated that 20% of maternal deaths related to delivery, are caused mainly by peripartum hemorrhage and anemia, at the same time where hemorrhage takes all the focus and gets the big attention, post-partum (pp) anemic state takes almost little care by researchers. 4 Anemia of postpartum period is caused by moderate-toheavy blood loss just before, during or after delivery that ABSTRACT Background: The objective of the present study was to compare effect of towel curettage as a new technique, to no curettage in caesarean section on postpartum period duration and hemoglobin level. Methods: Prospective, randomized controlled trial included 403 eligible participants that were attending Elshatby maternity hospital in the duration of this study (2016) and scheduled for primary caesarean section. The patients were randomized into two groups A and B. Group A had towel curettage after manual separation of the placenta, where the decidua and the placental bed were thoroughly curetted by a surgical towel. Group B had manual separation of placenta only. Results: Towel curettage actually shortens the puerperal bleeding days by almost a week and the volume of blood loss by around half a gram/dl, a situation that could be of great concern in the developing countries where iron deficiency anemia can be considered endemic. Conclusions: Suzan towel curettage is a new, simple, cheap methods that deceases duration of puerperium and the amount of useless blood loss post-partum, which may save a good percentage of women from suffering the negative influences of iron deficiency anemia.

Lohusaların Doğum Sonu Dönemde Aldıkları Ebelik/Hemşirelik Bakımından Memnuniyet Düzeyleri ve Etkileyen Faktörlerin İncelenmesi

“…Doğum sonrası dönem, plasentanın atılması ile başlayarak maternal organ ve sistemlerin fizyolojik olarak tamamen iyileşmesi sürecini kapsar (Elsharkawy, 2018). Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (DSÖ), doğum sonrası dönemi bebeğin doğumundan hemen sonra başlayıp doğumdan sonra altı haftaya (42 gün) kadar uzayan dönem olarak tanımlamaktadır (WHO, 2013).…”

Effect of Galohgor Cookies Intake by Postpartum Mother on Newborn’s Growth

“…On day 14 after birth, the breast milk is relatively mature whereas the nutritional contents tend to be consistent for the next several months 24 . The second point of sampling was determined due to probably the end stage of puerperium 25 . To improve subject's compliance, the cookies were given once each 5 days, the subjects were monitored using short message service every day.…”

Clinician-reported childbirth outcomes, patient-reported childbirth trauma, and risk for postpartum depression

“…Likewise, meta-analytic studies both support (Carter et al 2006 ) and refute (Olieman et al 2017 ) the existence of an association between cesarean birth and PPD. Other childbirth factors that could be traumatizing and contribute to patient-reported trauma and risk for PPD include perineal injury (Dunn et al 2014 ), method of placenta removal (Elsharkawy 2018 ), preterm birth (PTB; Paula Eduardo et al 2019 ), blood loss (Liu et al 2021 ), and postpartum anemia (Kang et al 2020 ).…”