Towards zero pollution vehicles by advanced fuels and exhaust aftertreatment technologies

Effects of fuel composition and vehicle operating temperature on in vitro toxicity of exhaust emissions

“…A detailed description of the emissions from light-duty vehicles used in the present study is displayed by Saarikoski et al , 2023. 36…”

“…Differences in the emissions are analysed in more detail in the study of Saarikoski et al , 2023. 36 But briefly, with both diesel and gasoline fuels, the higher aromatic hydrocarbon content increased the exhaust emissions. The difference was especially high within the gasoline fuels at cold temperatures, with close to a five-fold difference between the EN228 and alkylate in PM, BC, organic matter, and PN concentrations.…”

“…73 DPF regeneration events have also been associated with an increase in sulphur emissions, 74 , as seen in the results of Saarikoski et al , 2023. 36 Moreover, the recent light-duty vehicle emissions regulations do not include the emissions spikes during filter regeneration. 75 In the present study, a substantial increase in genotoxicity was seen from the exhaust exposures including the active regeneration of the DPF, indicating the genotoxic potential of diesel particulate emissions.…”

“…A detailed introduction to instrument setup is provided in the study of Saarikoski et al , 2023. 36 Briefly, the test setup consisted of standard exhaust measurement instrumentation including a constant volume sampler (CVS) dilution system, multicomponent exhaust gas analyser (AMA, AVL List GmbH), and a large set of additional instrumentation divided into two groups (Fig. 1).…”

“…Detailed results from light-duty vehicle emissions are presented in the study of Saarikoski et al , 2023. 36 Following the in vitro exhaust exposure, several toxicological analyses were conducted to reveal the toxicity of different exhaust emissions.…”