Towards Trustworthy NFC-based Sensor Readout for Battery Packs in Battery Management Systems

Abstract

In the last several years, wireless Battery Management Systems (BMS) have slowly become a topic of interest from both academia and industry. It came from a necessity derived from the increased production and use in different systems, including the electrical vehicles. Wireless communication allows for a more flexible and cost-efficient sensor installation in battery packs. However, many wireless technologies, such as those that use the 2.4 GHz frequency band, suffer from the interference limitations that need to be addressed. In this paper we present an alternative approach to communication in BMS that relies on the use of Near Field Communication (NFC) technology for battery sensor readouts. Due to a vital concern over the counterfeited battery pack products, security measures are also considered. To this end, we propose the use of an effective, and easy to integrate, authentication schema that is supported by the dedicated NFC devices. To test the usability of our design, a demonstrator using the targeted devices was implemented and evaluated.

A Survey on Industrial Internet of Things Security: Requirements, Attacks, AI-Based Solutions, and Edge Computing Opportunities

“…Edge nodes could also serve as trusted gateways, adding new IIoT devices, removing existing ones, and being responsible for re-keying. Some existing works have detailed devices with the required authentication ability through various types of servers, including NFC tags [228][229][230], smart cards [231][232][233], RFID tags [234][235][236][237][238], and biometric traits [239][240][241]. Edge nodes could become a substitute for such a server, and may be attached to sensors, acting as proxies for sensor measurements.…”

Secure and Trustworthy NFC-Based Sensor Readout for Battery Packs in Battery Management Systems

“…The system is further evaluated on its (i) security dependability by a threat model analysis, (ii) time measurements for individual BMS NFC readout phases, (iii) protocol overhead analysis for the secure BMS monitoring and diagnostic data logging (Section V), (iv) system energy consumption, and (v) potential NFC sensor readout throughput. This article presents an extended version of the published paper [22] that includes a more detailed analysis and investigation of the proposed design specifications related to the NFC integration for the BMS inter-module communication and sensor data readout. On top of the design and authentication approach presented in that paper, an additional security investigation and evaluation for the purpose of securely logging sensor monitoring and diagnostic BMS data were conducted.…”

A Novel Secure NFC-based Approach for BMS Monitoring and Diagnostic Readout

“…Combining NFC applications with BMS is a relatively novel topic, as not much work has yet been done by the research community as mentioned in a current survey study of wireless BMS [14]. A recent paper published by Basic et al [15] proposes a solution for wireless sensor readouts from battery cells to BCCs by using NFC technology, and also presents an anti-counterfeiting authentication measure, but only for closed active systems. In this work, we further try to bridge the gap of some of the open questions in respect to design requirements between NFC and BMS by also extending the security application for external communication interactions.…”

“…This is done with the intention that the security functions and the secure data would be stored inside a trusted environment, which in this case would be an SM that resides on the battery pack together with the MCU. The NTAG can also be boosted with additional device authorization mechanisms [15].…”