Towards the understanding of end-use quality in intermediate wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium): High-molecular-weight glutenin subunits, protein polymerization, and mixing characteristics

Zhang, Xiaofei; Ohm, Jae‐Bom; Haring, Steven C.; DeHaan, Lee R.; Anderson, James A.

doi:10.1016/j.jcs.2015.10.008

Cited by 23 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Cycle 4 IWG seeds from The Land Institute, Kansas were seeded at a rate of 18 kg ha −1 pure live seed on 15 September 2015. Cycle 4 IWG is the product of a Kansas breeding population that has been through four cycles of selection for increased spike mass and increased seed mass (Zhang et al., 2015). Seed was planted at a depth that ranged from 6 to 12 mm in a row spacing of 19 cm.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To date, research on IWG has focused on forage yield (Jungers et al., 2017; Liebig, Hendrickson, Berdahl, & Karn, 2011; Wagoner, 1990; Wang et al., 2014), forage quality (Favre et al., 2019; Jungers et al., 2017; Karn, Berdahl, & Frank, 2006), grain yield (Jungers et al., 2017; Lee, Owens, Boe, & Koo, 2009; Tautges, Jungers, DeHaan, Wyse, & Sheaffer, 2018), and grain quality (Zhang, Ohm, Haring, DeHaan, & Anderson, 2015). However, there is a lack of scientific information relative to many aspects of agronomic management in IWG cropping systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effective weed suppression in dual‐use intermediate wheatgrass systems

2020

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Intermediate wheatgrass [IWG; Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkworth & D.R.Dewey] is a cool-season perennial forage grass bred for higher seed yield. It is the first perennial grain crop in the United States, commercialized as Kernza since 2015. Managing IWG as a dual-use grain and forage crop could provide several ecosystem services including conserving soil and clean water while increasing economic income to growers. However, little is known about the weed management risks associated with IWG. Therefore, we studied weed community composition, biomass, IWG grain, and aboveground biomass in a factorial experiment with two weed management treatments, two nitrogen fertilization rates, and four forage harvest schedules (no harvest, summer only, summer + fall, and spring + summer + fall).Over three production years, weed biomass decreased by 88% regardless of treatment, and the weed community composition changed from predominantly winter annual to perennial species. In the second and third production years the weed community composition remained relatively stable. Grain yield was 16% greater with 135 kg N ha −1 than 90 kg N ha −1 but was not affected by in-season forage harvest or weed management treatments in the second and third years. Grain yield decreased from 763 to 371 kg ha −1 over three years, while aboveground biomass remained stable. Weed presence did not affect yields in second and third years. Dual-use IWG cropping systems effectively suppressed weeds and IWG is a promising grain crop alternative for farmers interested in diversifying their cropping systems under similar conditions. Abbreviations: AIC, Akaike's Information Criterion; IWG, intermediate wheatgrass.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective weed suppression in dual‐use intermediate wheatgrass systems

2020

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“…For example, IWG typically has greater protein and fiber than annual wheat (Marti et al 2016 ) and is desirable to consumers searching for more sustainable products, such as Long Root Ale brewed by Hopworks Urban Brewery for Patagonia Provisions (Baker 2017 ). However, because breeding lines are still in the early stages of development, grain-quality challenges exist (Zhang et al 2015 ), and grain yields of crop species undergoing domestication are currently lower than for most annual crops. In an experiment comparing IWG with annual wheat at the W. K. Kellogg Biological Station in Michigan, yields of IWG after the establishment year were 67% lower than those of annual wheat (Culman et al 2013 ).…”

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confidence: 99%

Managing for Multifunctionality in Perennial Grain Crops

Crews²,

et al. 2018

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Plant breeders are increasing yields and improving agronomic traits in several perennial grain crops, the first of which is now being incorporated into commercial food products. Integration strategies and management guidelines are needed to optimize production of these new crops, which differ substantially from both annual grain crops and perennial forages. To offset relatively low grain yields, perennial grain cropping systems should be multifunctional. Growing perennial grains for several years to regenerate soil health before rotating to annual crops and growing perennial grains on sloped land and ecologically sensitive areas to reduce soil erosion and nutrient losses are two strategies that can provide ecosystem services and support multifunctionality. Several perennial cereals can be used to produce both grain and forage, and these dual-purpose crops can be intercropped with legumes for additional benefits. Highly diverse perennial grain polycultures can further enhance ecosystem services, but increased management complexity might limit their adoption.

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“…Compared to annual wheat, IWG also reduced N leaching and increased C mineralization in soils (an important driver of C sequestration; Culman et al, 2013). Some advanced IWG genotypes demonstrated suitable qualities for food production, such as high-molecular-weight subunits related to properties of high-quality wheat bread (Zhang et al, 2015). The genetic advancements and environmental benefits of IWG grain production have stimulated commercial interests in this new crop, which is sold under the trade name "Kernza" (The Land Institute, Salina, KS).…”

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confidence: 99%

Intermediate Wheatgrass Grain and Forage Yield Responses to Nitrogen Fertilization

et al. 2017

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Perennial crops have fewer environmental impacts compared to annual crops, but there are no perennial grains available to replace the annual grains that occupy a majority of U.S. cropland. Here we report grain and biomass yields from an improved breeding population of intermediate wheatgrass (IWG) [Th inopyrum intermedium (Host) Buckworth & Dewey], a perennial grass being domesticated to serve as the fi rst widely grown perennial grain crop. Our objective was to measure grain and biomass yields of this improved grain-type IWG (TLI-C2), a forage variety of IWG (cultivar Rush), and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum L.) in response to N fertilization rates ranging from 0 to 200 kg N ha -1 . TLI-C2 grain yields responded quadratically to increasing N rates in all but one environment, but yields declined at high N rates due to lodging. TLI-C2 grain yields were highest during the fi rst year of fertilization, yielding 961 and 893 kg ha -1 when fertilized at agronomically optimum nitrogen rates (AONRs) of 61 and 96 kg N ha -1 for stands seeded in fall of 2011 and spring of 2012, respectively. Grain yields declined with stand age. When fertilized with AONRs for grain, biomass yields of TLI-C2 harvested aft er grain ranged from 9.2 to 12.3 Mg ha -1 and had similar forage and bioenergy quality characteristics compared to Rush, which demonstrates the potential to manage TLI-C2 as a dual-use cropping system for both grain and forage.

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Towards the understanding of end-use quality in intermediate wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium): High-molecular-weight glutenin subunits, protein polymerization, and mixing characteristics

Cited by 23 publications

References 22 publications

Effective weed suppression in dual‐use intermediate wheatgrass systems

Effective weed suppression in dual‐use intermediate wheatgrass systems

Managing for Multifunctionality in Perennial Grain Crops

Intermediate Wheatgrass Grain and Forage Yield Responses to Nitrogen Fertilization

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