Towards the Simulation of Clinical Cognition: Taking a Present Illness by Computer

Pauker, Stephen G.; Gorry, G. Anthony; Kassirer, Jerome P.; Schwartz, William B.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-5108-8_7

Cited by 65 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Clinical decision aids had traditionally had no true Gorry ' s group at MIT and Tufts developed new approaches to examining the renal failure problem in light of these observations ( 75].…”

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge engineering for medical decision making: A review of computer-based clinical decision aids

1979

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“…Clinical decision aids had traditionally had no true Gorry ' s group at MIT and Tufts developed new approaches to examining the renal failure problem in light of these observations ( 75].…”

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge engineering for medical decision making: A review of computer-based clinical decision aids

1979

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“…Building on the cognitive psychology work of Newell and Simon about problemsolving in the 1970s (Newell and Simon 1972), artificial intelligence (AI) computer models were created to resemble the clinical reasoning process, with programs like MYCIN and INTERNIST (Pauker et al 1976). Analogies between cognitive functioning and the emerging computer capacities led to the assumption that both use algorithmic processes in the working memory, viewed as the central processing unit of the brain.…”

Section: Early Thinking Of Clinical Reasoning: the Computer Analogymentioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Clinical Reasoning from Multiple Perspectives: A Conceptual and Theoretical Overview

Cate

Durning

2017

Innovation and Change in Professional Education

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This chapter is devoted to clarifying terminology and concepts that have been regularly cited and used in the last decades around clinical reasoning. Thus, this chapter represents a conceptual overview.Success in clinical reasoning is essential to a physician's performance. Clinical reasoning is both a process and an outcome (with the latter often being referred to as decision-making). While these decisions must be evidence based as much as possible, clearly decisions also involve patient perspectives, the relationship between the physician and the patient, and the system or environment where care is rendered. Definitions of clinical reasoning therefore must include these aspects. While definitions of clinical reasoning vary, they typically share the features that clinical reasoning entails: (i) the cognitive operations allowing physicians to observe, collect, and analyze information and (ii) the resulting decisions for actions that take into account a patient's specific circumstances and preferences (Eva et al. 2007;Durning and Artino 2011).The variety of definitions of clinical reasoning and the heterogeneity in research is likely in part due to the number of fields that have informed our understanding of clinical reasoning. In this chapter, a number of concepts from a broad spectrum of fields is presented to help the reader understand clinical reasoning and to assist the O. ten Cate

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“…Our view of control is motivated by the following observations, which are based on analyses of the control strategies of CASNET [Weiss et al, 1977], [Weiss et al, 1978], PIP [Pauker et al, 1976], HEARSAY-II [Erman and Lesser, 1975], [Erman et al, 1980], MUM [Cohen et al, 1987a], MDX [Chandrasekaran et al, 1982], [Chandrasekaran and Mittal, 1983], NEOMYCIN [Clancey, 1986], [Clancey,], DOMINIC and DOMINIc-If [Howe et al, 1986], [Orelup et al, 1988]: 59 Observation-1: The control strategies of many knowledge systems can be viewed as the interaction of a small number of simpler strategies. We call these strategy frames.…”

Section: Strategy Frames: a View Of Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Theory of Endorsements and Reasoning with Uncertainty

Cohen¹,

Day²,

Delisio³

et al. 1990

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Towards the Simulation of Clinical Cognition: Taking a Present Illness by Computer

Cited by 65 publications

References 8 publications

Knowledge engineering for medical decision making: A review of computer-based clinical decision aids

Knowledge engineering for medical decision making: A review of computer-based clinical decision aids

Understanding Clinical Reasoning from Multiple Perspectives: A Conceptual and Theoretical Overview

Theory of Endorsements and Reasoning with Uncertainty

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