Towards the integration of electric buses in conventional bus fleets

Geographic Features of Zero-Emissions Urban Mobility: the Case of Electric Buses in Europe and Belarus

“…It is important to understand the spatial constraints of the infrastructure: the location of charging stations determines the geography of networks and the network-building features. For instance, the original feature of electric buses in Minsk was, unlike in many European cities (Fulton, 2015;Santos, 2016, Nikitas et al, 2017, the incorporation into the existing trolleybus network and replacement of one environmentally friendly mode of transportation with another. The Minsk transportation agency should use the commonly applied network-building feature, i.e.…”

“…The Minsk transportation agency should use the commonly applied network-building feature, i.e. to develop the network by integrating the zero-emission vehicles into the fleet of conventional buses, like in Porto, Portugal (Santos, 2016). It is necessary to consider the costs of replacing one expensive transportation infrastructure (i.e., the existing trolleybus contact network) with another (charging stations for e-buses).…”

“…The study of mixed bus fleets of electric vehicles and their conventional counterparts, conducted in Porto, Portugal (Santos, 2016), discussed the general performance, peculiarities of fleet balance (i.e. how many vehicles of each type should be allocated and where), and network optimisation (i.e.…”

Performance Measurement Evaluation Framework and Co-Benefit\/Tradeoff Analysis for Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAV) Applications: A Survey

“…These arguments also apply to the mobility-oriented and environmentoriented CAV applications as well. [22] Lane Occupying Probability Estimation [35] Hybrid Collision Warning System [36] Queue-End Warning System [34] Curve Warning System [33] Local Danger Warning System [37] Pedestrian Protection and Collision Warning [50], [51], [52] Eco-Driving Assistance System [23] Connectivity Based Eco-Driving [41] Hybrid Powertrain and Adaptive Cruise Control [24] Eco-Routing Navigation System [25] Eco-CACC Considering Queue Effects [40], [67] Eco-Approach and Departure [39] Model Predictive Energy Efficiency Optimization [42] Mixed Electric Bus Fleet Arrangement [43] Eco-Speed Harmonization [38] Inductive Power Transfer Lane Design for Electric Bikes [63] A Real-Time Lane Selection Algorithm [45] Vehicle-Centric A Cooperative Collision Avoidance Algorithm [58], [62] High Speed Differential Warning [64] Fuel-Optimized Vehicle Automation Strategy [59] Environmental Impacts There are very few studies that evaluate all three MOEs, and the co-benefits and tradeoffs among the three MOEs of CAV applications are rarely analyzed. Although a portion of CAV applications are designed to improve more than one MOE (usually two), very few of them improve all the three MOEs.…”

“…A variety of research activities on electric vehicles and electric buses have been carried out, with the purpose of increasing energy efficiency and reducing emissions. Guan and Frey presented a model predictive energy efficiency optimization system using a power-train model and traffic lights sequences information to increase energy efficiency of the electric vehicles [42], [43].…”