Towards the EU emissions targets of 2050: optimal energy renovation measures of Finnish apartment buildings

Hirvonen, Janne; Jokisalo, Juha; Heljo, Juhani; Kosonen, Risto

doi:10.1080/14786451.2018.1559164

Cited by 57 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This study found the ground-source heat pump to be the most effective way to reduce emissions in Finnish detached houses. This is similar to the results obtained in the previous study concerning Finnish apartment buildings [13]. The result relies strongly on the low emission factor of the Finnish energy system.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Unlike in the previous study focusing on apartment buildings [13], additional thermal insulation of external walls was a common renovation option. The unit costs in the case of detached houses were estimated lower than with apartment buildings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This highlights the importance of more detailed calculations in the building sector to find the best ways to reach the targets.While estimating current energy use and testing pre-selected renovation packages can be beneficial, perhaps the most effective tool for designing building retrofits is to use multi-objective optimization, where many design variables can be freely changed to iteratively achieve an optimal retrofit solution. This has been utilized for old Finnish apartment buildings to minimize life cycle costs and primary energy use [12] or carbon emissions [13]. In a Korean study, a genetic algorithm (GA) was used for the optimization of the energy system of an elementary school [14].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this study, multi-objective optimization is utilized to find a balance between emissions and life cycle cost for deep renovation solutions in Finnish buildings built in different decades. An earlier study used similar methodology to search for cost-optimal solutions to minimize emissions in Finnish apartment buildings [13]. This study will cover the rest of the Finnish residential building stock by finding the emission reduction potential in single-family homes of four different age categories, which has not been done before in Finland.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Towards the EU Emission Targets of 2050: Cost-Effective Emission Reduction in Finnish Detached Houses

et al. 2019

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To mitigate the effects of climate change, the European Union calls for major carbon emission reductions in the building sector through a deep renovation of the existing building stock. This study examines the cost-effective energy retrofit measures in Finnish detached houses. The Finnish detached house building stock was divided into four age classes according to the building code in effect at the time of their construction. Multi-objective optimization with a genetic algorithm was used to minimize the life cycle cost and CO2 emissions in each building type for five different main heating systems (district heating, wood/oil boiler, direct electric heating, and ground-source heat pump) by improving the building envelope and systems. Cost-effective emission reductions were possible with all heating systems, but especially with ground-source heat pumps. Replacing oil boilers with ground-source heat pumps (GSHPs), emissions could be reduced by 79% to 92% across all the studied detached houses and investment levels. With all the other heating systems, emission reductions of 20% to 75% were possible. The most cost-effective individual renovation measures were the installation of air-to-air heat pumps for auxiliary heating and improving the thermal insulation of external walls.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Towards the EU Emission Targets of 2050: Cost-Effective Emission Reduction in Finnish Detached Houses

et al. 2019

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“…Thirty-five pre-determined retrofit packages were calculated using quasi-steady state equations in the DEAP software, a web-based tool for producing Building Energy Ratings. In the Finnish context, energy retrofits have been examined for apartment buildings [10,11], where both primary energy demand and CO 2 emissions could be significantly reduced cost-effectively, especially using heat pumps, but also including improvements to the building envelope. In Finnish office buildings CO 2 emissions could be cost-effectively reduced by 50% while preserving thermal comfort [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Deep Energy Retrofit on The Hourly Power Demand of Finnish Detached Houses

2020

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This study examines how the energy renovation of old detached houses affects the hourly power consumption of heating and electricity in Finland. As electrification of heating through heat pumps becomes more common, the effects on the grid need to be quantified. Increased fluctuation and peak power demand could increase the need for fossil-based peaking power plants or call for new investments to the distribution infrastructure. The novelty in this study is the focus on hourly power demand instead of just annual energy consumption. Identifying the influence of building energy retrofits on the instantaneous power demand can help guide policy and investments into building retrofits and related technology. The work was done through dynamic building simulation and utilized building configurations obtained through multi-objective optimization. Deep energy retrofits decreased both the total and peak heating power consumption. However, the use of air-source heat pumps increased the peak power demand of electricity in district heated and wood heated buildings by as much as 100%. On the other hand, peak power demand in buildings with direct electric heating was reduced by 30 to 40%. On the building stock level, the demand reduction in buildings with direct electric heating could compensate for the increase in the share of buildings with ground-source heat pumps, so that the national peak electricity demand would not increase. This prevents the increase of demand for high emission peaking power plants as heat pump penetration rises. However, a use is needed for the excess solar electricity generated by the optimally retrofitted buildings, because much of the solar electricity cannot be utilized in the single-family houses during summer.

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Optimal energy system configuration for zero energy buildings using hybrid thermal-photovoltaic solar collector

Babaelahi,

Kazemi

2024

Environ Dev Sustain

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Towards the EU emissions targets of 2050: optimal energy renovation measures of Finnish apartment buildings

Cited by 57 publications

References 20 publications

Towards the EU Emission Targets of 2050: Cost-Effective Emission Reduction in Finnish Detached Houses

Towards the EU Emission Targets of 2050: Cost-Effective Emission Reduction in Finnish Detached Houses

The Effect of Deep Energy Retrofit on The Hourly Power Demand of Finnish Detached Houses

Optimal energy system configuration for zero energy buildings using hybrid thermal-photovoltaic solar collector

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