Towards the Development of Sustainable Tourism in Pakistan: A Study of the Role of Tour Operators

Ullah, Zia; Naveed, Rana Tahir; Rehman, Atta Ur; Scholz, Miklas; Adnan, Mohammad; Han, Heesup

doi:10.3390/su13094902

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 51 publications

(83 reference statements)

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“…To achieve this objective, in the first place, we examined the factor loadings of all variable items. It was revealed that no factor loading was below 0.7 which shows that all values were well-above the minimum acceptable range (≥0.5) [ 87 , 88 , 89 , 90 ]. This was important to see whether a sheer amount of variance in a particular variable is explained by a variable item or the error term.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corporate Social Responsibility and Energy-Related Pro-Environmental Behaviour of Employees in Hospitality Industry

Zhang

Omhand

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Tourism and hospitality are at a crossroads. The growth and developmental potential of these industries indicate the economic benefits for an associated nation at one end. However, the environmental issues related to tourism and hospitality create challenges for the administration at another end. In most cases, a sheer amount of carbon emission in hospitality lies with energy consumption, especially electrical energy. However, past studies on environmental management have mainly focused on the supply side of energy (production) and left the terrain of the demand side (consumption by individuals) unattended. Recently, behavioral scientists have indicated that corporate social responsibility (CSR) actions of a firm can promote sustainable behavior among individuals, including employees. We tend to spark this discussion from an energy consumption perspective by investigating the relationship between CSR and energy-related pro-environmental behavior of employees (EPB) in the hospitality sector of a developing country (Pakistan). To understand the underlying mechanism of this relationship, this study proposes the mediating role of green intrinsic motivation (GIM) and the moderating role of human emotions, e.g., employee admiration (ADM). We developed a theoretical model for which the data were gathered from different hotel employees with the help of a questionnaire. We used structural equation modeling for hypotheses testing. The empirical evidence indicated that CSR significantly predicts EPB, and there is a mediating role of GIM. The study also confirmed that ADM moderates this relationship. The findings of this study will be helpful for hotel administration to understand the profound importance of CSR-based actions to promote energy-related sustainable behavior among employees, e.g., EPB. Other implications for theory and practice have been highlighted in the main text of this draft.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Corporate Social Responsibility and Energy-Related Pro-Environmental Behaviour of Employees in Hospitality Industry

Zhang

Omhand

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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“…We acknowledge the efforts of Hayes, who introduced this macro which is helpful in calculating different complex models. 136 , 137 The predictor and moderator variables were mean-centered before performing SEM to test the conditional effect of RS. Similarly, an interaction term was also generated by taking the product of ICSR and RS.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Internal Corporate Social Responsibility and Employee Burnout: An Employee Management Perspective from the Healthcare Sector

Liu¹,

Cherian²,

Han³

et al. 2023

PRBM

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Purpose The issue of burnout has been identified as one of the most pressing challenges in organizational management, impacting the ability of an organization to succeed as well as employee productivity. In the healthcare industry, burnout is particularly prevalent. Burnout has received increasing attention from scholars, and different models have also been proposed to address this issue. However, burnout is on the rise in healthcare, especially in developing countries, indicating the need for more research on how to mitigate burnout. Research indicates that internal corporate social responsibility (ICSR) has a significant impact on employee behavior. However, little attention has been paid to exploring how ICSR might effectively reduce healthcare burnout. This study aims to investigate how ICSR and employee burnout are related in the healthcare sector of a developing country. In addition, we tested how subjective well-being and resilience mediate and moderate the effect of ICSR on employee burnout. Methods Data were collected from 402 healthcare employees working in different hospitals in Pakistan. In our study, we used a self-administered questionnaire as a data collection instrument. We have adapted the items in this survey from reliable and already published sources. Data collection was carried out in three waves. Results Hypotheses were evaluated using structural equation modeling (SEM). Software such as IBM-SPSS and AMOS were used for this purpose. ICSR significantly reduces healthcare employees’ burnout, according to the results of the structural analysis. The relationship between ICSR and burnout was also found to be mediated by subjective well-being, and resilience moderated the relationship between ICSR and subjective well-being. Findings In light of our findings, hospitals can take some important steps to resolve the problem of burnout. The study specifically stresses the importance of ICSR as a contextual organizational resource for preventing burnout among healthcare employees.

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“…We employed structural equation modeling (SEM) to test the hypothesized relationships [ 149 , 150 , 151 ]. For this purpose, we considered AMOS software.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Managing Hospital Employees’ Burnout through Transformational Leadership: The Role of Resilience, Role Clarity, and Intrinsic Motivation

Chen

Ghardallou

Comite

et al. 2022

IJERPH

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Medical errors have been identified as one of the greatest evils in the field of healthcare, causing millions of patient deaths around the globe each year, especially in developing and poor countries. Globally, the social, economic, and personal impact of medical errors leads to a multi-trillion USD loss. Undoubtedly, medical errors are serious public health concerns in modern times, which could be mitigated by taking corrective measures. Different factors contribute to an increase in medical errors, including employees’ risk of burnout. Indeed, it was observed that hospital employees are more exposed to burnout situations compared to other fields. In this respect, managing hospital employees through transformational leadership (TL) may reduce the risk of burnout. However, surprisingly, studies on the relationship between TL and burnout are scarce in a healthcare system, indicating the existence of a critical knowledge gap. This study aims to fill this knowledge gap by investigating the role of TL in reducing the risk of burnout among hospital employees. At the same time, this study also tests the mediating effects of resilience and role clarity with the conditional indirect effect of intrinsic motivation in the above-proposed relationship. To test different hypotheses, a hypothetical model was developed for which we collected the data from different hospital employees (n = 398). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was considered for statistical validation of hypotheses confirming that TL significantly reduces burnout. The results further indicated that resilience and role clarity mediate this relationship significantly. Lastly, the conditional indirect effect of intrinsic motivation was also confirmed. Our results provide meaningful insights to the hospital administrators to combat burnout, a critical reason for medical errors in hospitals. Further, by incorporating the TL framework, a hospital may reduce the risk of burnout (and, hence, medical errors); on the one hand, such a leadership style also provides cost benefits (reduced medical errors improve cost efficiency). Other different theoretical and practical contributions are discussed in detail.

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Towards the Development of Sustainable Tourism in Pakistan: A Study of the Role of Tour Operators

Cited by 21 publications

References 51 publications

Corporate Social Responsibility and Energy-Related Pro-Environmental Behaviour of Employees in Hospitality Industry

Corporate Social Responsibility and Energy-Related Pro-Environmental Behaviour of Employees in Hospitality Industry

Internal Corporate Social Responsibility and Employee Burnout: An Employee Management Perspective from the Healthcare Sector

Managing Hospital Employees’ Burnout through Transformational Leadership: The Role of Resilience, Role Clarity, and Intrinsic Motivation

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