Towards the development of a GIS method for identifying rural food deserts: Geographic access in Vermont, USA

McEntee, Jesse C.; Agyeman, Julian

doi:10.1016/j.apgeog.2009.05.004

Cited by 133 publications

(84 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Food deserts have been described as early as 2002 "a deprived neighborhood where food was expensive and relatively unavailable", and "its common usage has continued to be primarily qualitative (McEntee and Agyeman [22]). As a result, individuals may eat whatever is most convenient, and that may not be a source of healthful food options.…”

Section: Community Gardens and Water Policymentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban community gardens: emerging models for sustainable health, democracy and water policy

Ward¹

2015

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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This paper provides a comparative analysis of community gardens as they expand the scope of purpose to address social, political and health needs of densely populated areas. Water policies in several large urban areas are investigated to assess for their impact on edible gardens/food production, water sources/use and the potential for identifying community gardens as a bridge to stabilizing access to increasing sustainable and scale-able food production that can be reinterpreted in a variety of cultures and climates. Particularly, the reintroduction of small scale, community-based agriculture is examined as a model for increasing community participation as well as managing health, wellness and water.

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Section: Community Gardens and Water Policymentioning

confidence: 99%

Urban community gardens: emerging models for sustainable health, democracy and water policy

Ward¹

2015

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

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“…Does the price of transportation need to be included in the total cost of acquiring food? Bitler and Haider (2011) have called for more accurate measures of affordability by including the price of transportation for households; omitting the cost of transportation has been noted as a major limitation of some studies (McEntee & Agyeman, 2010;Mulangu & Clark, 2012;Ver Ploeg et al, 2009). As noted earlier, Rose et al (2009) is the only study reviewed that calculated both the cost of transportation, using available transportation and network distance to the nearest supermarket to calculate cost, and the availability of food item categories within a given network distance, to improve the description of food access to encompass a balanced diet.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Food access depends at least in part upon the affordability or price of a complete and balanced diet, the distance or cost of transportation to acquire it, and information about what healthy food is and where it can be acquired and at what price (McEntee, 2009;McEntee & Agyeman, 2010). Bitler and Haider (2011) provide an economic perspective by separating the issues into demand-and supply-side issues.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping the Cost of a Balanced Diet, as a Function of Travel Time and Food Price

Hilbert

Evans-Cowley

Reece

et al. 2014

JAFSCD

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We present a new method for analyzing spatial variation in the cost of a balanced diet, as an alternative to food desert classification. Our specific hypothesis is that the cost of a balanced diet varies according to where one lives, as a function of travel and food item costs. We collected price data for the USDA Thrifty Food Plan from approximately 30 percent of food retail outlets of various kinds in the three Gulf Coast counties of Mississippi, and these prices were extrapolated to the remaining stores. Transportation costs were calculated for both driving by automobile and the combination of walking and public transportation by bus, accounting for both the shoppers' time and the cost of automobile mileage. We developed a "traveling purchaser problem" algorithm to estimate the lowest-cost combination of travel and food costs for purchasing all items in the Thrifty Food Plan for each residential parcel in the study area, and mapped the resulting costs and examined their variation. Estimated costs varied more because of transportation costs than food prices, and ranged from US$109 to US$215 for automobile travel and from Results of this analysis demonstrate that the cost of acquiring a balanced diet varies considerably and more or less continuously. Food is not equally cheap for all; it depends on where one lives. For any given location, an estimate of the cost of a balanced diet, including both food price and transportation, is more useful than a classification as food desert or not in understanding access issues and needs. Furthermore, policy alternatives that are intended to influence access should be evaluated based on how much they influence costs, and for whom, depending on where people live.

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“…Demographic data is summarised over spatial units such as post code districts, census areas, floating catchment areas, residential addresses or service/facility catchments and then GIS-based measures of distance (Euclidian or network) are calculated. Recent examples include studies of access to Post Offices (Langford and Higgs 2010;Comber et al 2009), food outlets (Forsyth et al 2010;McEntee and Agyeman 2010) and health facilities . In some cases, such analyses have been extended to compare current and future populations (Sasaki et al 2010) to support long term facility planning and to answer the location-allocation problem associated with identifying the optimal location of facilities (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Varying Impact of Geographic Distance as a Predictor of Dissatisfaction Over Facility Access

Comber

Brunsdon

Phillips

2012

Appl. Spatial Analysis

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This research uses a Geographically Weighted Regression (GWR) analysis to compare perceptions of public service accessibility as captured by an attitudes survey against measures of geographical distance to those services. The 2008 Place Survey in Leicestershire, UK, captured data on respondent dissatisfaction about their access to different services and facilities. In this analysis, survey responses about access to Post Offices and libraries were summarised over census Output Areas. Road distances to the nearest facility were calculated for each Output Area. GWR was used to model the spatial variations in the relationship between facility distance and access dissatisfaction and how these relationships vary within and between different socioeconomic groups (in this case OAC groups). The results show that for Post Offices, the effect of geographic distance as a predictor of access dissatisfaction is stronger than for libraries, that its effect varies spatially and that there is considerable variation within and between different socio-economic groups. For Libraries, geographic distance is a weaker predictor of dissatisfaction over access, there is little local variation in the effect of geographic distance as a predictor of library access dissatisfaction and that there is little variation within and between different socio-economic groups. These results indicate that as well as geography, other dimensions related to facility access need to be considered and that these will vary from facility to facility and from group to group.

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Towards the development of a GIS method for identifying rural food deserts: Geographic access in Vermont, USA

Cited by 133 publications

References 51 publications

Urban community gardens: emerging models for sustainable health, democracy and water policy

Urban community gardens: emerging models for sustainable health, democracy and water policy

Mapping the Cost of a Balanced Diet, as a Function of Travel Time and Food Price

The Varying Impact of Geographic Distance as a Predictor of Dissatisfaction Over Facility Access

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