Towards the Co-Simulation of Charge Qubits: A Methodology Grounding on an Equivalent Circuit Representation

Blokhina, Elena; Sokolov, Andrii; Giounanlis, Panagiotis; Wu, Xutong; Bashir, Imran; Leipold, Dirk; Staszewski, Robert Bogdan; Brambilla, A.; Bizzarri, Federico

doi:10.1109/ojcas.2021.3105005

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…The equivalent circuit in Figure 1 is an innovative approach also with respect to the simulations of qubit gates based on C, Matlab or Python codes. Despite being few and not addressing the electron spin qubit, other qubit models are reported in the literature, in particular, to convert the behaviour of charge qubits into an equivalent circuit [43]. It is also worth remarking that in this paper, the authors identify a model at the core of which are voltage-controlled current sources.…”

Section: The Qubit Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Circuit-Based Compact Model of Electron Spin Qubit

Borgarino

2022

Electronics

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Today, an electron spin qubit on silicon appears to be a very promising physical platform for the fabrication of future quantum microprocessors. Thousands of these qubits should be packed together into one single silicon die in order to break the quantum supremacy barrier. Microelectronics engineers are currently leveraging on the current CMOS technology to design the manipulation and read-out electronics as cryogenic integrated circuits. Several of these circuits are RFICs, as VCO, LNA, and mixers. Therefore, the availability of a qubit CAD model plays a central role in the proper design of these cryogenic RFICs. The present paper reports on a circuit-based compact model of an electron spin qubit for CAD applications. The proposed model is described and tested, and the limitations faced are highlighted and discussed.

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Section: The Qubit Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this approach, the voltage-controlled current sources are present but they are not time-varying or multiplying. Therefore, time-varying/multiplying current sources appear to be specific to the approach used in the present paper for the electron spin qubit and in [43] for the charge qubit.…”

Section: The Qubit Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circuit-Based Compact Model of Electron Spin Qubit

Borgarino

2022

Electronics

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Cryogenic Controller for Electrostatically Controlled Quantum Dots in 22-nm Quantum SoC

Staszewski

Esmailiyan²,

Wang

et al. 2022

IEEE Open J. Solid-State Circuits Soc.

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We present a fully integrated cryogenic controller for electrostatically controlled quantum dots (QDs) implemented in a commercial 22-nm FD-SOI CMOS process and operating in a quantum regime. The QDs are realized in local well areas of transistors separated by tunnel barriers controlled by voltages applied to gate terminals. The QD arrays (QDA) are co-located with the control circuitry inside each quantum experiment cell, with a total of 28 of such cells comprising this system-on-chip (SoC). The QDA structure is controlled by small capacitive digital-to-analog converters (CDACs) and its quantum state is measured by a single-electron detector.The SoC operates at a cryogenic temperature of 3.4 K. The occupied area of each QD array is 0.7×0.4 µm 2 , while each QD occupies only 20×80 nm 2 . The low power and miniaturized area of these circuits are an important step on the way for integration of a large quantum core with millions of QDs, required for practical quantum computers. The performance and functionality of the CDAC are validated in a loop-back mode with the detector sensing the CDAC-compelled electron tunneling from the quantum point contact (QPC) node into the quantum structure. Position of the injected charge inside the QD array is intended to be controlled through the CDAC codes and programmable pulse width. Quantum effects are shown by an experimental characterization of charge injection and quantization into the QD array consisting of three coupled QDs. The charge can be transferred to a QD and sensed at the QPC, and this process is controlled by the relevant voltages and CDACs.Index Terms-Capacitive DAC (CDAC), charge qubits, cryo-CMOS, fully depleted silicon-on-insulator (FD-SOI), imposer, positionbased qubits, quantum computer (QC), quantum dot (QD), single-electron detector, single-electron injector. I. INTRODUCTIONQ UANTUM computing is a new paradigm that utilizes the fundamental principles of quantum mechanics, such as superposition, interference and entanglement [1], [2]. The range of complex problems from mathematics, chemistry and material science that could be solved with quantum computing is far beyond the reach of today's most powerful supercomputers. The potential is thus immense. Quantum bits (qubits), basic units of quantum information, operate at a molecular/atomic level. They are extremely fragile and difficult to manipulate and read out. Some quantum computer technologies, such as based on trapped ions and photons, do not require the equipment to be cryogenically cooled [3], [4], but the majority of qubits must operate under extremely low Manuscript received

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Towards the Co-Simulation of Charge Qubits: A Methodology Grounding on an Equivalent Circuit Representation

Abstract: XUTONG WU 1,2 , IMRAN BASHIR 3 (Member, IEEE), DIRK LEIPOLD 3 (Senior Member, IEEE), ROBERT BOGDAN STASZEWSKI 1,2 (Fellow, IEEE), ANGELO BRAMBILLA 4 (Member, IEEE), AND FEDERICO BIZZARRI 4,5 (Senior Member, IEEE)

Cited by 2 publications

References 54 publications

Circuit-Based Compact Model of Electron Spin Qubit

Circuit-Based Compact Model of Electron Spin Qubit

Cryogenic Controller for Electrostatically Controlled Quantum Dots in 22-nm Quantum SoC

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