Towards strategies for pollution control on the use of wastewater effluent in sustainable agriculture in the Gaza Strip

Yassin, Maged M.; Tubail, Khalil; Dadah, Jamal Y. Al

doi:10.1504/wrstsd.2008.017813

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Its economy is mainly dependent on agriculture, fishing, government and relief agency employment and small industries [1,2]. In Gaza liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is used as a fuel for household purposes that include cooking and heating.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible health effects of liquefied petroleum gas on workers at filling and distribution stations of Gaza governorates

Sirdah¹,

Laham²,

Madhoun³

2013

East Mediterr Health J

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Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is widely used in the Gaza Strip for domestic purposes, in agriculture and industry and, illegally, in cars. This study aimed to identify possible health effects on workers exposed to LPG in Gaza governorates. Data were collected by a questionnaire interview, and haematological and biochemical analyses of venous blood samples were made from 30 workers at filling and distribution stations and 30 apparently healthy controls. Statistically significant differences were found in all self-reported healthrelated complaints among LPG workers versus controls. LPG workers had significantly higher values of red blood cell counts, haemoglobin, haematocrit mean corpuscular haemoglobin and platelet counts. They also had significantly higher values of kidney function tests (urea, creatinine and uric acid) and liver function enzyme activities (aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase). LPG workers at Gaza Strip petroleum stations are at higher risk for health-related symptoms and clinical abnormalities. ‫األالنني).‬ ‫أمني‬ ‫وناقلة‬ ‫االسبارتات،‬ ‫أمني‬ ‫(ناقلة‬ ‫الكبد‬ ‫الصحية.‬ ‫واالضطرابات‬ ‫الصحية‬ ‫للمتالزمات‬ ‫أكرب‬ ‫الختطار‬Effets potentiels du gaz de pétrole liquéfié sur la santé des employés des stations-service dans les gouvernorats de Gaza RÉSUMÉ L'utilisation du gaz de pétrole liquéfié (GPL) est très répandue dans la Bande de Gaza pour des usages domestiques, en agriculture et dans l'industrie mais aussi illégalement pour les voitures. La présente étude visait à identifier les effets potentiels du GPL sur la santé des employés exposés dans les gouvernorats de Gaza. Des données ont été recueillies par questionnaire au cours d'entretiens. Des échantillons de sang veineux ont été prélevés auprès de 30 employés de stations-service et de 30 témoins en bonne santé apparente à des fins d'analyses hématologiques et biochimiques. Des différences statistiquement significatives ont été observées dans tous les résultats des employés de stations-service de GPL ayant autodéclaré des problèmes de santé par rapport aux résultats d'analyses des témoins. Les employés exposés au GPL présentaient des valeurs nettement supérieures pour la numération érythrocytaire, l'hémoglobine, l'hématocrite, la teneur corpusculaire moyenne en hémoglobine et la numération plaquettaire. Les résultats de leur bilan de la fonction rénale (urée, créatinine, et acide urique) et de leur bilan de l'activité fonctionnelle des enzymes hépatiques (aspartate aminotransférase et alanine aminotransférase) étaient aussi nettement plus élevés. Les employés des stations-service de la Bande de Gaza exposés au gaz de pétrole liquéfié courent un risque plus élevé de présenter des symptômes liés à la santé et des anomalies cliniques.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Possible health effects of liquefied petroleum gas on workers at filling and distribution stations of Gaza governorates

Sirdah¹,

Laham²,

Madhoun³

2013

East Mediterr Health J

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“…Wastewater reuse is considered in the national water policy to solve the water shortage problem in the Gaza Strip. Although treated effluent has been successfully used in many countries, such use is subject to considerable major concerns that have adverse effects on health, crops, and soil [8]. Wastewater reuse could be one of the main options to improve the water resource for the study region.…”

Section: Results and Dissectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pollution control strategies should be integrated to mitigate the negative hygienic limitations and optimize crop production to achieve sustainable agriculture and food security under water scarcity [12]. Yassin et al [8] concluded that water and wastewater quality guidelines should be adjusted to reflecting the local achievable economic and technological level. The emphasis is now shifted in adopting integrated approaches and strategic plans of wastewater reuse, management, and pollution control to protect the health and environment and broadly minimize the risks.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Public Participation and Response towards Water Resources Management Options in Gaza Strip, Palestine

Amr¹,

Mayla

Bashir

et al. 2015

AMM

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The Gaza Strip suffers from complicated problems of water resources. Groundwater (GW) aquifer is the main source of water for drinking, industry, and agriculture purposes in this area. However, the quality of GW is unsuitable for drinking and other purposes. Wastewater is an environmental, social, and economic resource that needs to be managed appropriately. The treated effluent quality does not satisfy the guidelines for discharge and reuse options because of the overload of wastewater treatment plants. This study evaluated the public response toward water resource management and reuse. A study population with 300 hundred questionnaire interviews was prepared and collected. Only 7.3% of the interviewed people used municipal water for drinking, and the others used desalinated water and home filter units. Approximately 96% believed that water in the Gaza Strip is unsuitable for drinking. Meanwhile, 85% agreed for an additional increase in municipal water bill in exchange for good quality of water that is suitable for drinking and other purposes. The study also reported that 63% of the interviewed people disagreed to reuse the current treated wastewater for agriculture and 82.3% disagreed to consume agriculture products irrigated by the treated wastewater.

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“…The main united anthropogenic causes and exacerbate the microbiological contamination of Gaza strip's waters can be summarized as the (Israeli)-Palestinian conflict, the over-extraction of groundwater, the general rundown of the infrastructure and water distribution networks in particular, the spread of more than 100,000 cesspools with depth ranged between 8 to 12 m and typical diameter is 2 meters, widespread septic tanks, the excessive use of pesticides and fertilizers in agriculture, infiltrate of solid waste landfills leachate landfills into groundwater and improper treatment and disposal of wastewater (Awartani, 1994;Yassin et al, 2006;Almasri, 2008;Almasri & Ghabayen, 2008;Yassin et al, 2008;Afifi et al, 2015). On the other hand, the geographical location in an arid and semi-arid area, soil-water interaction in unsaturated zone due to recharge and return flows, and mobilization of deep brines and seawater intrusion all also natural factors contributed to a substantial deterioration of water quality in the Gaza strip (Ghabayen et al, 2006).…”

Section: Causes and Sources Of Microbiological Contamination Of Watermentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiological Quality of Drinking Water and Prevalence of Waterborne Diseases in the Gaza Strip, Palestine: A Narrative Review

Abuzerr¹,

Nasseri²,

Yunesian³

et al. 2019

GEP

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Water quality and occurrence of water-borne diseases in the Gaza strip are vivid examples for most developing societies. In recent years, the quality and quantity of groundwater, the only source of waters in the Gaza strip, have deteriorated markedly. A general rundown of the infrastructure and water distribution networks, in particular, the spread of cesspools, excessive use of pesticides and fertilizers, and improper treatment and disposal of wastewater remain major contributing factors to the continued deterioration in the water status in the Gaza strip. Without a doubt, the (Israeli)-Palestinian conflict had a clear negative impact on the water sector in the Gaza strip. Apparently, there is a dire need to adopt the WHO's water safety plan in the management of Gaza's water supply systems from catchment to consumer's tap in order to maintain the sustainability and quality of water resources and prevent outbreaks of waterborne diseases. Therefore, this review has been prepared to highlight the overall picture of the water dilemma in the Gaza strip in the last years and in addition, to identify the sources, sorts, levels, and health risks of consequence to microbial contamination of water. The impact of political conflicts on the water sector in the Gaza strip also was reviewed.

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Towards strategies for pollution control on the use of wastewater effluent in sustainable agriculture in the Gaza Strip

Cited by 9 publications

References 5 publications

Possible health effects of liquefied petroleum gas on workers at filling and distribution stations of Gaza governorates

Possible health effects of liquefied petroleum gas on workers at filling and distribution stations of Gaza governorates

Public Participation and Response towards Water Resources Management Options in Gaza Strip, Palestine

Microbiological Quality of Drinking Water and Prevalence of Waterborne Diseases in the Gaza Strip, Palestine: A Narrative Review

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