Towards radar-enabled sensor networks

Abstract

Ultrawideband radar-enabled wireless sensor networks have the potential to address key detection and classification requirements common to many surveillance and tracking applications. However, traditional radar signal processing techniques are mismatched with the limited computational and storage resources available on typical sensor nodes. The mismatch is exacerbated in noisy, cluttered environments or when the signals have corrupted spectra. To explore the compatibility of ultrawideband radar and mote-class sensor nodes, we designed and built a new platform called the Radar Mote. An early prototype of this platform was used to detect, classify, and track people and vehicles moving through an outdoor sensor network deployment. This paper describes the sensor's theory of operation, discusses the design and implementation of the Radar Mote, and presents sample signal waveforms of people, vehicles, noise, and clutter. We demonstrate that radar sensors can be successfully integrated with mote-class devices and imbue them with an extraordinarily useful sensing modality.

Multiple moving person tracking by UWB sensors: the effect of mutual shielding persons and methods reducing its impacts

“…It consists of seven basic phases, such as background subtraction, target detection, time of arrival (TOA) estimation and TOA association, wall effect compensation, target localization and target tracking. For their implementation, the following methods were used: exponential averaging, constant false alarm rate (CFAR) detector [53,54], trace connection method [26], trace correction of the 1st kind [55], direct method of localization [23,56] and MTT system [23,27] using linear Kalman filtering. The clarification of the particular phase importance and the description of methods of their implementations are beyond this paper.…”

Time of Arrival Complementing Method for Cooperative Localization of a Target by Two-Node UWB Sensor Network

“…Therefore, for TOA estimation we cannot use simple solutions based on energy detector applications. The TOA estimator considered in this paper is based on the combination of a CFAR detector [15] and trace connection TOA estimator [16]. The application of CFAR detector provides the first rough estimate of TOAs of the potential targets.…”

Graphical deployment strategies in radar sensor networks (RSN) for target detection

“…They can monitor a large area and observe targets from many different angles. These networks will be included in the tactical combat systems that are deployed on airborne, surface, and subsurface unmanned vehicles in order to protect critical infrastructure from terrorist activities [1][2][3]. In a resourceconstrained RSN, a deployment strategy is used to ensure that targets in the sensor field can be detected properly and the energy consumed should be as little as possible.…”