Towards Optimization of Automotive Waste Heat Recovery Using Thermoelectrics

Crane, Doug; Jackson, Gregory S.; Holloway, David

doi:10.4271/2001-01-1021

Cited by 47 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Even if such low efficiencies could be enough to satisfy electrical loads (assuming 60 kW of waste heat), higher ZT materials or lower costs are needed to make this technology feasible for automobiles [10,11,12,13]. It is worth noting that TEG devices are already in the automotive market, but currently used for heating/cooling of seats and cup holders (electricity is the input of the TE, not the output).…”

Section: • Thermoelectric Generationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Modeling Analysis of Waste Heat Recovery via Thermo Electric Generators for Fuel Economy Improvement and CO₂ Reduction in Small Diesel Engines

Arsie¹,

Cricchio²,

Marano³

et al. 2014

SAE Int. J. Passeng. Cars – Electron. Electr. Syst.

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INTRODUCTIONCO 2 emissions from road transportation in Europe increased by nearly 23% between 1990 and 2010, currently contributing about 20% of total EU CO 2 emissions. Transportation is the only major sector in the EU where greenhouse gas emissions are still rising. Besides energy and environmental concerns, a crucial role is played by emission standards and regulations.In 2009, the European Union legislation adopted mandatory emission reduction targets for new vehicles, stating that the fleet average to be achieved by all new cars is CO 2 130 g/km by 2015 (target phased in from 2012) and 95g/km by 2020 [1].On the energy side, it is worth noting that in current vehicles, approximately 60% of the chemical energy of fuel is lost in the form of waste heat, dissipated by the exhaust and cooling systems. The former offers high-grade heat that approaches temperatures of 900 K while the latter is a considerably more modest heat source at approximately 370 K. There is clearly an opportunity to recover waste heat through after-market solutions, improving current vehicle technologies without the recourse to expensive alternative powertrain technologies. Thus, research efforts are moving towards technologies that can extract mechanical energy/electricity from the energy lost to engine exhaust and/or from the coolant loop. Furthermore, the growing demand for electric energy in vehicles is currently being met with inefficient mechanical generators that are driven off of the vehicle engine. Although improvements in generator ABSTRACT This paper deals with modeling and analysis of the integration of ThermoElectric generators (TEG) into a conventional vehicle, specifically aimed at recovering waste heat from exhaust gases. The model is based on existing and commercial thermoelectric materials, specifically Bi 2 Te 3 , having ZTs not exceeding 1 and efficiency below 5%, but a trade-off between cost and performance that would be acceptable for automotive applications. TEGs operate on the principle of thermoelectric energy conversion via Seebeck effect, utilizing thermal gradients to generate electric current, with exhaust gases at the hot side and coolant at the cold side. In the simulated configuration the TEG converters are interfaced with the battery/alternator supporting the operation of the vehicle, reducing the energy consumption due to electrical accessories and HVAC.Heat exchanger models for steady-state solutions have been simulated to estimate the actual temperature of hot and cold sides, as a function of vehicle operation and TEG configuration. The TEG module model has been validated with respect to existing literature, showing agreement with published results.The overall model -integrated into a backward longitudinal model of a FIAT Punto 1.3 Diesel -outputs recovered electric energy as function of hot side (exhaust gas) and cold side (coolant) temperature and mass flow (provided by the vehicle model). Several simulations have been carried out to explore different driving conditions and TEG configurations. Results sh...

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Section: • Thermoelectric Generationmentioning

confidence: 98%

Modeling Analysis of Waste Heat Recovery via Thermo Electric Generators for Fuel Economy Improvement and CO₂ Reduction in Small Diesel Engines

Arsie¹,

Cricchio²,

Marano³

et al. 2014

SAE Int. J. Passeng. Cars – Electron. Electr. Syst.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…10.26). This technology has been extensively investigated since the early 1970s and covered in literature (DiBella et al, 1983;Diehl et al, 2001;Crane et al, 2001;Chammas and Clodic, 2005;Stobart and Weerasinghe, 2006;Arias et al, 2006;Teng et al, 2006Teng et al, , 2007aTeng et al, , 2007bKruiswyk, 2008;Nelson, 2009;Ringler et al, 2009;Teng, 2010;Edwards et al, 2010Edwards et al, , 2012Hirschbichler, 2010;Briggs et al, 2010Briggs et al, , 2012Chiew et al, 2011;Arunachalam et al, 2012;Latz et al, 2012;Lopes et al, 2012). It can be applied to EGR heat rejection, charge air heat rejection, turbine outlet exhaust heat, and even engine coolant heat rejection.…”

Section: Waste Heat Recovery (Whr) Systemsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Improving the environmental performance of heavy-duty vehicles and engines: particular technologies

Xin

Pinzon

2014

Alternative Fuels and Advanced Vehicle Technologies for Improved Environmental Performance

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“…The physical equations about the TEM multiple mechanism have been well studied [19,20]. Figure 17 shows the energy flow within a TEM.…”

Section: Model Structurementioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Four Modelling Techniques for Thermoelectric Generator

Yang¹,

Song²,

Stobart³

et al. 2017

SAE Technical Paper Series

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Towards Optimization of Automotive Waste Heat Recovery Using Thermoelectrics

Cited by 47 publications

References 4 publications

Modeling Analysis of Waste Heat Recovery via Thermo Electric Generators for Fuel Economy Improvement and CO₂ Reduction in Small Diesel Engines

Modeling Analysis of Waste Heat Recovery via Thermo Electric Generators for Fuel Economy Improvement and CO₂ Reduction in Small Diesel Engines

Improving the environmental performance of heavy-duty vehicles and engines: particular technologies

A Comparison of Four Modelling Techniques for Thermoelectric Generator

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Towards Optimization of Automotive Waste Heat Recovery Using Thermoelectrics

Cited by 47 publications

References 4 publications

Modeling Analysis of Waste Heat Recovery via Thermo Electric Generators for Fuel Economy Improvement and CO2 Reduction in Small Diesel Engines

Modeling Analysis of Waste Heat Recovery via Thermo Electric Generators for Fuel Economy Improvement and CO2 Reduction in Small Diesel Engines

Improving the environmental performance of heavy-duty vehicles and engines: particular technologies

A Comparison of Four Modelling Techniques for Thermoelectric Generator

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Modeling Analysis of Waste Heat Recovery via Thermo Electric Generators for Fuel Economy Improvement and CO₂ Reduction in Small Diesel Engines

Modeling Analysis of Waste Heat Recovery via Thermo Electric Generators for Fuel Economy Improvement and CO₂ Reduction in Small Diesel Engines