Towards Intelligent Distributed Computing: Cell-Oriented Computing

Abstract

Distributed computing systems are of huge importance in a number of recently established and future functions in computer science. For example, they are vital to banking applications, communication of electronic systems, air traffic control, manufacturing automation, biomedical operation works, space monitoring systems and robotics information systems. As the nature of computing comes to be increasingly directed towards intelligence and autonomy, intelligent computations will be the key for all future applications. Intelligent distributed computing will become the base for the growth of an innovative generation of intelligent distributed systems. Nowadays, research centres require the development of architectures of intelligent and collaborated systems; these systems must be capable of solving problems by themselves to save processing time and reduce costs. Building an intelligent style of distributed computing that controls the whole distributed system requires communications that must be based on a completely consistent system. The model of the ideal system to be adopted in building an intelligent distributed computing structure is the human body system, specifically the body's cells. As an artificial and virtual simulation of the high degree of intelligence that controls the body's cells, this chapter proposes a Cell-Oriented Computing model as a solution to accomplish the desired Intelligent Distributed Computing system.

Programmable DNA-Based Boolean Logic Microfluidic Processing Unit

“…Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is considered as a promising material for molecular computing, which involves logical calculations , and solving complex mathematical problems − based on the chemical reactions between molecules. Owing to Watson–Crick pairing, DNA information binding with paired sequences is widely used in traditional biotechnologies such as polymer chain reaction (PCR), gene editing and synthesis, , and molecule sensing, − as well as for bionanotechnologies such as superlattices, DNA origami, and DNA computing. , The chemical reaction network (CRN), which is conducted through parallel and cascading reactions in the DNA solution enables solving problems via DNA biocomputing, which includes logic gate calculations, neural networks, , cell computing, and virus detection using neural networks. , However, several sequential CRN steps are required for implementing simple DNA-based logic gates; these steps are typically demonstrated in a single, small PCR tube or a plate reader by adding molecules using a pipet. , For example, Qian et al . designed CRNs for basic logic gates such as the AND, OR, and NOT gates by using four or five sequential steps .…”

“…Owing to Watson−Crick pairing, DNA information binding with paired sequences is widely used in traditional biotechnologies such as polymer chain reaction (PCR), 6 gene editing and synthesis, 7,8 and molecule sensing, 9−11 as well as for bionanotechnologies such as superlattices, 12 DNA origami, 13 and DNA computing. 14,15 The chemical reaction network (CRN), which is conducted through parallel and cascading reactions in the DNA solution enables solving problems via DNA biocomputing, which includes logic gate calculations, 16 neural networks, 17,18 cell computing, 19 and virus detection using neural networks. 20,21 these steps are typically demonstrated in a single, small PCR tube or a plate reader by adding molecules using a pipet.…”