Towards integrating traditional medicine (TM) into National Health Care Scheme (NHCS): Assessment of TM practitioners’ disposition in Lagos, Nigeria

Awodele, Olufunsho; Agbaje, Esther Oluwatoyin; Ogunkeye, F.A.; Kolapo, A.G.; Awodele, Deborah F.

doi:10.1016/j.hermed.2011.09.002

Cited by 21 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…( 2005 ) has shown that the active constituents in medicinal plants are chemicals and the therapeutic uses of medicinal plants should be done with consciousness of using phytochemicals. A high percentage of people in both developed and developing countries use medicinal plants for therapeutic purposes (Awodele et al ., 2011 ) and this is consistent with the estimation of the World Health Organization (WHO) that about 78–80% of the world’s populations rely on medicinal plants for their primary health care (Farnsworth et al ., 1985 ). One of the major reasons that may be responsible for the increased use of medicinal plants is the notion that all herbal products are safe and effective (Farnsworth and Soejarto, 1985 ; Soejarto, 1989 ).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Toxicological evaluation of the aqueous stem bark extract of Bridelia ferruginea (Euphorbiaceae) in rodents

Awodele

Amagon

Agbo

et al. 2015

Interdisciplinary Toxicology

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Bridelia ferruginea is a woody shrub that grows in the Savannah or rain forests of Africa and has traditionally been used to treat diabetes, arthritis and boils. Despite all these uses, extensive toxicological evaluation has not been carried out. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate the sub-chronic toxicological effects of the stem bark aqueous extract of Bridelia ferruginea in rats. The lethal dose (LD50) was determined using probit analysis and graded doses of the extract (250–4000 mg/kg) were administered to the animals via oral and intraperitoneal routes and observed for mortality, behavioral changes and signs of toxicity. Sub-chronic toxicity study was carried out at doses of 1 000, 2 000 and 4 000 mg/kg administered daily for 60 days. The animals were sacrificed after 60 days. Blood was collected for biochemical (renal and hepatic), hematological, oxidative stress, sperm and histopathological examinations, using standard methods. LD50 of the extract was estimated as >4 000 mg/kg orally; neither significant visible signs of toxicity nor mortality were observed. There were no significant differences in the animals and organ weights, hematological and biochemical parameters in the treated groups compared to the control group. However, a significant increase (p<0.05) in the level of lipid peroxidation and a significant (p<0.05) decrease in sperm count were observed in the treated animals compared with the control group. The stem-bark aqueous extract of Bridelia ferruginea was found to be relatively safe, though it has the potential to cause lipid peroxidation and damage sperm quality and should thus be used with caution.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Toxicological evaluation of the aqueous stem bark extract of Bridelia ferruginea (Euphorbiaceae) in rodents

Awodele

Amagon

Agbo

et al. 2015

Interdisciplinary Toxicology

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“…Three studies (23.1%) were conducted in South Africa [ 25 , 26 , 27 ]. The remaining five studies were carried out in Burundi [ 28 ], Botswana [ 20 ], Cameroon [ 29 ], Nigeria [ 30 ], and Zambia [ 31 ]. The reviewed studies were conducted over a period of thirteen years.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Integrated Health Systems in Africa: A Systematic Review

Ampomah

Malau‐Aduli

et al. 2020

Medicina

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Background and objective: Traditional medicine (TM) was integrated into health systems in Africa due to its importance within the health delivery setup in fostering increased health care accessibility through safe practices. However, the quality of integrated health systems in Africa has not been assessed since its implementation. The objective of this paper was to extensively and systematically review the effectiveness of integrated health systems in Africa. Materials and Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted from October, 2019 to March, 2020 using Ovid Medline, Scopus, Emcare, Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health (CINAHL), and Google Scholar, in order to retrieve original articles evaluating the integration of TM into health systems in Africa. A quality assessment of relevant articles was also carried out using the Quality Assessment Tool for Studies with Diverse Designs (QATDSS) critical appraisal tool. Results: The results indicated that the formulation and execution of health policies were the main measures taken to integrate TM into health systems in Africa. The review also highlighted relatively low levels of awareness, usage, satisfaction, and acceptance of integrated health systems among the populace. Knowledge about the existence of an integrated system varied among study participants, while satisfaction and acceptance were low among orthodox medicine practitioners. Health service users’ satisfaction and acceptance of the practice of an integrated health system were high in the countries assessed. Conclusion: The review concluded that existing health policies in Africa are not working, so the integration of TM has not been successful. It is critical to uncover the barriers in the health system by exploring the perceptions and experiences of stakeholders, in order to develop solutions for better integration of the two health systems.

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“…Yet, this selective integration can undermine other more complete spiritual and cultural practices that traditional healers associate with the use of medical plants (see, amongst others, Awodele, Agbaje, Ogunkeye, Kolapo, & Awodele, 2011;Ndhlala, Stafford, Finnie, & van Staden, 2011;Stangeland, Dhillion, & Reksten, 2008). Herbal remedies are commonly used worldwide for healing purposes (WHO/Regional Office for Africa, 2010); incorporating them into modern medicine is often seen as the simplest way of promoting integration between traditional and western medicine because their efficacy can be tested and the knowledge of plant use can be adopted in different contexts (see, for example, Bussmann et al, 2006;Cardini et al, 2006;Chotchoungchatchai, Saralamp, Jenjittikul, Pornsiripongse, & Prathanturarug, 2012).…”

Section: Traditional Medicine and Its Integration In National Health mentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic landscapes of traditional healing: building spaces of well-being with the traditional healer in St. Louis, Senegal

Bignante

2015

Social & Cultural Geography

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Literature on therapeutic landscapes has not sufficiently explored the relational dynamics that contribute to shaping therapeutic landscapes. In particular, not enough attention has been paid to the patient -healer relationship and its role in producing wellbeing, especially in non-western settings. This article is a first attempt to address these deficiencies by exploring the role of the patient -healer relationship in shaping therapeutic landscapes especially as regards traditional healing in the city of St. Louis in Northern Senegal. By exploring the understandings of health and well-being of 160 people (including patients, herbalists and traditional healers), this article will show how therapeutic landscapes of traditional healing are built relationally in the patient -healer encounter; it will also underscore the strong link between the herbal component of traditional healing, the cognitive component of dialogue with the healer and the spiritual and sociocultural elements associated with rituals. The findings have relevant policy implications. This article takes a stand in the debate on integration between 'traditional' and 'western medicine' in Africa by stating that integration should give more serious consideration to the ability of traditional healing systems to create wellbeing because, as the case study shows, the latter strongly relies on the relational dimension of healing.Paysages thérapeutiques de méthodes de soins traditionnels. Construction d'espaces de bien-être avec le guérisseur traditionnel à Saint Louis, au Sénégal Les recherches sur les paysages thérapeutiques n'ont pas suffisamment exploré les dynamiques relationnelles qui contribuent à donner forme aux paysages thérapeu-tiques. En particulier, on ne s'est pas assez penché sur la relation entre le patient et le guérisseur et son rôle générateur de bien-être, surtout dans un contexte non occidental. Cet article est une première tentative pour rectifier ces lacunes en explorant le rôle de la relation entre le patient et le guérisseur dans la formation de paysages thérapeutiques, en particulier en ce qui concerne la méthode de soin traditionnel dans la ville de Saint Louis au nord du Sénégal. En explorant les compréhensions de santé et de bien-être de 160 personnes (incluant patients, herboristes et guérisseurs traditionnels), cet article désire démontrer que les paysages thérapeutiques de méthodes de soins traditionnels sont bâties de manière relationnelle sur la rencontre entre le patient et le guérisseur; il désire aussi souligner le lien fort entre l'élément de soins traditionnels à base de plantes, l'élément cognitif du dialogue avec le guérisseur et les éléments spirituels et socio-culturels associés aux rituels. Les résultats ont des implications politiques pertinentes.«traditionnelle » et « la médecine occidentale » en Afrique en affirmant que l'intégration devrait plus sérieusement prendre en considération la capacité des méthodes de soins traditionnelles de créer du bien-être car, comme le cas d'étude le montre bien, ce dernier dépe...

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Towards integrating traditional medicine (TM) into National Health Care Scheme (NHCS): Assessment of TM practitioners’ disposition in Lagos, Nigeria

Cited by 21 publications

References 6 publications

Toxicological evaluation of the aqueous stem bark extract of Bridelia ferruginea (Euphorbiaceae) in rodents

Toxicological evaluation of the aqueous stem bark extract of Bridelia ferruginea (Euphorbiaceae) in rodents

Effectiveness of Integrated Health Systems in Africa: A Systematic Review

Therapeutic landscapes of traditional healing: building spaces of well-being with the traditional healer in St. Louis, Senegal

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