Towards improving the catalytic activity and stability of platinum-based anodes in direct formic acid fuel cells

Mohammad, Ahmad M.; El‐Nagar, Gumaa A.; Al-Akraa, Islam M.; El‐Deab, Mohamed S.; El‐Anadouli, Bahgat E.

doi:10.1016/j.ijhydene.2014.11.108

Cited by 48 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…where ∆G 0 is the Gibbs free energy change of the formic acid oxidation reaction in Equation (3). Once the cell voltage is determined at a specific current density, the predicted power density (P) of a DFAFC was calculated as the product of the predetermined current density and the estimated cell voltage (from Equation (4)):…”

Section: Conventional Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The power necessity of portable electronic devices is 1-50 W to improve the power supply system with environmentally friendly and sustainable processes [2]. As a fuel, formic acid has numerous features that create a preferable anode feed in cell performance, rather than methanol-and hydrogen-based fuel cells [3]. The DFAFCs facilitates lower crossover flux through the electrolyte membrane than that of methanol, faster electrochemical kinetics due to the smaller molecular size than methanol, and non-toxicity [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Experimental and One-Dimensional Mathematical Modeling of Different Operating Parameters in Direct Formic Acid Fuel Cells

et al. 2017

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Abstract:The purpose of this work is to develop a one-dimensional mathematical model for predicting the cell performance of a direct formic acid fuel cell and compare this with experimental results. The predicted model can be applied to direct formic acid fuel cells operated with different formic acid concentrations, temperatures, and with various electrolytes. Tafel kinetics at the electrodes, thermodynamic equations for formic acid solutions, and the mass-transport parameters of the reactants are used to predict the effective diffusion coefficients of the reactants (oxygen and formic acid) in the porous gas diffusion layers and the associated limiting current densities to ensure the accuracy of the model. This model allows us to estimate fuel cell polarization curves for a wide range of operating conditions. Furthermore, the model is validated with experimental results from operating at 1-5 M of formic acid feed at 30-80 • C, and with Nafion-117 and silane-crosslinked sulfonated poly(styrene-ethylene/butylene-styrene) (sSEBS) membrane electrolytes reinforced in porous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The cell potential and power densities of experimental outcomes in direct formic acid fuel cells can be adequately predicted using the developed model.

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Section: Conventional Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and One-Dimensional Mathematical Modeling of Different Operating Parameters in Direct Formic Acid Fuel Cells

et al. 2017

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“…The stability of current is actually because the decrease of CO ads poisoning. The CO oxidation proceeds as following [16] Therefore, metal oxides or sulfides-modified Pt will facilitate the electron transfer, hence, will support the electrode with a high catalytic activity and stability, show perfect electrochemical properties.…”

Section: 2pt/ Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To compare with other proton exchange membrane fuel cells. For example, methanol or hydrogen as energy source for fuel cell [2]. It is studied widely, due to its easily be transported and stored, has high energy conversion rate, has fast response speed, is less poisoning to Pt-based anode catalysts and environmental friendly [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The study of Pt-based anode catalysis for formic acid full cell

Wang¹,

Sun²,

Ji³

et al. 2016

Proceedings of the 2016 3rd International Conference on Materials Engineering, Manufacturing Technology and Control

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“…Unfortunately, DFAFCs suffer from a major drawback originating from the severe deterioration of the electrodes’ (typically Pt‐based catalysts) catalytic activity and durability due the carbon monoxide adsorption on the Pt surface. Carbon monoxide (CO) is in‐situ generated from the “non‐Faradaic dissociation” of FA at the catalyst surface eventually blocking large fractions of the available active sites for direct FA electro‐oxidation (FAO) . In this regard, several attempts aimed at improving the Pt‐based catalysts tolerance against CO poisoning have been reported, e. g. via surface modification of Pt with efficient promoters, such as second metals, nonmetals, and metal oxides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impurity‐Induced Electrocatalysis: Unpredicted Enhancement Effect of Ammonia Impurity Towards Formic Acid Electro‐Oxidation

El‐Nagar

Roth

2016

ChemistrySelect

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This study addresses a noteworthy unexpected enhancement of the direct oxidation pathway of formic acid (FA) to CO 2 at Pt nanoparticle-modified GC (nano-Pt/GC) electrode in the presence of ppm amounts of ammonia associated with suppressing the poisoning dehydration pathway of FA to CO, for the first time. This is reflected by a significant increase of the current intensity of the direct oxidation peak (I p d ) simultaneously with a significant decrease of the indirect oxidation peak current (I p ind ) in the presence of a minute amount of ammonia compared to that observed in its absence. For instance, the ratio I p d /I p ind increases from 0.2 in the absence of ammonia to 9.5 in the presence of 30 ppm of ammonia (i. e., 45 times higher) indicating that the direct pathway became the dominant oxidation pathway in the presence of ammonia. Ammonia is believed to favor the direct formic acid oxidation (FAO) to CO 2 as it impedes the formation of CO by disturbing the geometry of Pt sites, which is necessary for CO adsorption as evident from CO stripping experiment (i. e., prevents non-Faradic dissociation of FA). Additionally, it might induce the CH-down adsorption orientation of FA thus favoring FAO directly to CO 2 as evident from DFT calculations.

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Towards improving the catalytic activity and stability of platinum-based anodes in direct formic acid fuel cells

Cited by 48 publications

References 25 publications

Experimental and One-Dimensional Mathematical Modeling of Different Operating Parameters in Direct Formic Acid Fuel Cells

Experimental and One-Dimensional Mathematical Modeling of Different Operating Parameters in Direct Formic Acid Fuel Cells

The study of Pt-based anode catalysis for formic acid full cell

Impurity‐Induced Electrocatalysis: Unpredicted Enhancement Effect of Ammonia Impurity Towards Formic Acid Electro‐Oxidation

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