Towards global control of parasitic diseases in the Covid-19 era: One Health and the future of multisectoral global health governance

Ung, Lawson; Stothard, J. Russell; Phalkey, Revati; Azman, Andrew S.; Chodosh, James; Hanage, William P.; Standley, Claire J.

doi:10.1016/bs.apar.2021.08.007

“…So, CL could be a serious threat to pilgrims on these occasions 91 . Since the COVID‐19 pandemic has forced healthcare services and finances toward prevention strategies, including vaccination campaigns against this devastating viral infection, there are progressive concerns regarding the considerable disruptions in the control programs against various parasitic diseases, such as CL, and the subsequent rise in affected patients 55,58 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The World Health Organization (WHO) published a guideline on maintaining essential healthcare services during the viral pandemic 57 . However, it is not entirely possible to evaluate the true impact of COVID‐19 on the global burden, detection strategies, and control measures of several parasitic diseases, but the negative consequences will undoubtedly be profound 58–60 . Being reported in 98 endemic countries and considered a public health risk for over 350 million people worldwide, CL is also a severe parasitic infection in Iran, with about 20,000 new cases annually.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real‐time impact of COVID‐19 pandemic on cutaneous leishmaniasis case finding and strategic planning, preventive interventions, control and epidemiology in a region with a high burden of cutaneous leishmaniasis and COVID‐19: A cross‐sectional descriptive study based on registry data in Ilam‐Iran

Shams,

Rashidi,

Mohamadi

et al. 2023

Health Science Reports

1

0

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Background and AimsCutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a severe parasitic disease affecting people, mostly in underdeveloped nations. As a zoonotic infection yearly incidence of CL depends on several parameters such as demographic, epidemiological, and environmental factors as well as prevention and control measures. The sudden outbreak of pandemics such as SARS‐Corona‐Virus‐2 pandemic, can probably affect the incidence or reporting of other diseases, especially infectious diseases, in various ways such as pressure on health systems, providing sanitary services and its components, lockdowns and changes in people's living habits.AimThis study aimed to evaluate the COVID‐19 impact on the incidence and other epidemiological aspects as well as control measures of CL in Ilam Province‐Iran.MethodsRequired data was extracted from the CL registration system in Ilam from 2014 to 2021 to demonstrate the trend of CL incidence before and after COVID‐19 pandemic.ResultsBased on our results, a declining pattern of CL incidence was observed, accompanied by the advent and intensification of the viral pandemic in Iran and Ilam province. Although, this decreasing pattern was not integral in all areas, and even increase in CL detection was emphasized in some regions.ConclusionIt may be inferred that the COVID‐19 pandemic may disrupt treatment programs of CL cases, rodent nest destruction, and fighting vector insects.

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“…One challenge remains regarding the appropriate metric to use for health outcomes that is generalizable. Disabilityadjusted life-years (DALYs) are widely used to measure disease burden, with one DALY representing the loss of one life-year lived in optimal health, thereby translating both disease mortality (the years of life lost, YLL), and morbidity (the years lived with disability, YLD) into a single metric (61,62). This enables comparison across studies, settings, and interventions targeting the same or different diseases (58).…”

Section: Pillar Ii: Economicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public Health Policy Pillars for the Sustainable Elimination of Zoonotic Schistosomiasis

Janoušková

¹

,

Clark

²

,

Kajero

³

et al. 2022

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Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease acquired through contact with contaminated freshwater. The definitive hosts are terrestrial mammals, including humans, with some Schistosoma species crossing the animal-human boundary through zoonotic transmission. An estimated 12 million people live at risk of zoonotic schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma japonicum and Schistosoma mekongi, largely in the World Health Organization’s Western Pacific Region and in Indonesia. Mathematical models have played a vital role in our understanding of the biology, transmission, and impact of intervention strategies, however, these have mostly focused on non-zoonotic Schistosoma species. Whilst these non-zoonotic-based models capture some aspects of zoonotic schistosomiasis transmission dynamics, the commonly-used frameworks are yet to adequately capture the complex epi-ecology of multi-host zoonotic transmission. However, overcoming these knowledge gaps goes beyond transmission dynamics modelling. To improve model utility and enhance zoonotic schistosomiasis control programmes, we highlight three pillars that we believe are vital to sustainable interventions at the implementation (community) and policy-level, and discuss the pillars in the context of a One-Health approach, recognising the interconnection between humans, animals and their shared environment. These pillars are: (1) human and animal epi-ecological understanding; (2) economic considerations (such as treatment costs and animal losses); and (3) sociological understanding, including inter- and intra-human and animal interactions. These pillars must be built on a strong foundation of trust, support and commitment of stakeholders and involved institutions.

show abstract

“…One challenge remains regarding the appropriate metric to use for health outcomes that is generalizable. Disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) are widely used to measure disease burden, with one DALY representing the loss of one life-year lived in optimal health, thereby translating both disease mortality (the years of life lost, YLL), and morbidity (the years lived with disability, YLD) into a single metric (61,62). This enables comparison across studies, settings, and interventions targeting the same or different diseases (58).…”

Section: Pillar Ii: Economicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Public Health Policy Pillars for the Sustainable Elimination of Zoonotic Schistosomiasis

Janoušková¹,

Clark²,

Kajero³

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Schistosomiasis is a parasitic disease acquired through contact with contaminated freshwater. The definitive hosts are terrestrial mammals, including humans, with some Schistosoma species crossing the animal-human boundary through zoonotic transmission. An estimated 12 million people live at risk of zoonotic schistosomiasis caused by Schistosoma japonicum and Schistosoma mekongi, largely in the World Health Organization’s Western Pacific Region and in Indonesia. Mathematical models have played a vital role in our understanding of the biology, transmission, and impact of intervention strategies, however, these have mostly focused on non-zoonotic Schistosoma species. Whilst these non-zoonotic-based models capture some aspects of zoonotic schistosomiasis transmission dynamics, the commonly-used frameworks are yet to adequately capture the complex epi-ecology of multi-host zoonotic transmission. However, overcoming these knowledge gaps goes beyond transmission dynamics modelling. To improve model utility and enhance zoonotic schistosomiasis control programmes, we highlight three pillars that we believe are vital to sustainable interventions at the implementation (community) and policy-level, and discuss the pillars in the context of a One-Health approach, recognising the interconnection between humans, animals and their shared environment. These pillars are: (1) human and animal epi-ecological understanding; (2) economic considerations (such as treatment costs and animal losses); and (3) sociological understanding, including inter- and intra-human and animal interactions. These pillars must be built on a strong foundation of trust, support and commitment of stakeholders and involved institutions.

show abstract

Towards global control of parasitic diseases in the Covid-19 era: One Health and the future of multisectoral global health governance

Cited by 20 publications

References 91 publications

Public Health Policy Pillars for the Sustainable Elimination of Zoonotic Schistosomiasis

Public Health Policy Pillars for the Sustainable Elimination of Zoonotic Schistosomiasis

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