Towards effective COVID‑19 vaccines: Updates, perspectives and challenges (Review)

Abstract

In the current context of the pandemic triggered by SARS-cOV-2, the immunization of the population through vaccination is recognized as a public health priority. In the case of SARS-cOV-2, the genetic sequencing was done quickly, in one month. Since then, worldwide research has focused on obtaining a vaccine. This has a major economic impact because new technological platforms and advanced genetic engineering procedures are required to obtain a cOVId-19 vaccine. The most difficult scientific challenge for this future vaccine obtained in the laboratory is the proof of clinical safety and efficacy. The biggest challenge of manufacturing is the construction and validation of production platforms capable of making the vaccine on a large scale.

Pharmacological Activities of Psoralidin: A Comprehensive Review of the Molecular Mechanisms of Action

“…Viral infections play an important role in human disease, and the recent COVID-19 pandemic in the emergence of globalization and ease of travel have highlighted their prevention as a critical issue in protecting public health (Alam Riaz et al, 2020;Docea et al, 2020;Goumenou et al, 2020;Tsatsakis et al, 2020). Despite advances in immunization and drug development, many viruses lack preventive vaccines and effective antiviral therapies, which are often caused by the generation of viral escape mutants (Calina et al, 2020a;Calina et al, 2020b). Thus, the identification of new antiviral alternative treatments is of critical importance, and bioactive natural compounds are an excellent source for such discoveries (Sarkar et al, 2020).…”

Recent advances, approaches and challenges in targeting pathways for potential COVID-19 vaccines development

“…Some vaccines add an adjuvant to boost the immune response, creating a stronger and longer-lasting immunity to infections than the vaccine alone. The use of an adjuvant may be of particular importance in a pandemic situation, as it may reduce the amount of vaccine protein required per dose, allowing multiple doses of vaccine to be produced and therefore helping to protect more people [18].…”

Rheumatologists in the COVID-19 era: will there be a new role for the rheumatologist in the care of rheumatic patients?

“…It seems clear that it will not just enter history and disappear, like other epidemic conditions in the past [37]. Given the known characteristics of the SARS-CoV-2 and the measured immune response in those recovered, it is still uncertain if an effective vaccine or pharmacological treatment will be available in a near future [38]. Thus, like in most infectious conditions, prevention is the most reasonable approach, both for diminishing the risk of patients attending a site of potential concentration of cases such as a medical office and for protecting physicians from the inevitable exposition to cases.…”