Towards ecosystem modeling in the deep sea: A review of past efforts and primer for the future

Woodstock, Matthew S.; Zhang, Yuying

doi:10.1016/j.dsr.2022.103851

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 154 publications

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“…See Supplementary Figs. [6][7][8][9][10][11] for details of the model robustness checks. We validated our model choice with the use of manual topic intrusion validation using the R package oolong 90 .…”

Section: Latent Dirichlet Analysis Topic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Science governs the future of the mesopelagic zone

et al. 2023

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The potential of the mesopelagic zone (200–1000 m depth) to provide natural resources and ecosystem services is of increasing interest to a broad range of societal stakeholders. As this interest grows, divergent ideas about its current and future role in supporting human life are being expressed in scientific and public discourse. We use automated content analysis to identify 13 key topics about the mesopelagic zone from 2226 scientific abstracts and 4066 tweets. Two dominant ideas emerge: (1) the exploitation of fish resources and (2) the role of the mesopelagic zone as a carbon sink. We find that, in the absence of significant mesopelagic zone policy, science plays a de facto governing role by shaping how the ecosystem is known to the public and policymakers alike. These results indicate the need and potential for new knowledge and governance arrangements that can broaden the range of meanings and knowledge needed to anticipate future uses of deeply uncertain ecosystems and resources.

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Section: Latent Dirichlet Analysis Topic Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Deep-sea fishing programmes were run by South Africa and the former USSR in the 1970s and, more recently, by Iceland and Norway in the 2000s 5 . Scientific interest in the mesopelagic zone has grown rapidly in the 21st century 6,7 (see also Supplementary Fig. 1), largely funded by the European Union and United States 8,9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Science governs the future of the mesopelagic zone

et al. 2023

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“…In this paper, we review selected case studies where an Ecopath, Ecosim, or Ecospace (hereafter ‘EwE’) model has been developed within an operational context to inform fisheries or multi‐sector resource management. Prior reviews of EwE models have focused on use of the model over decadal time scales (Colléter et al, 2015), applications in ecosystems of particular interest (Coll & Libralato, 2012; Woodstock & Zhang, 2022), technical aspects of the model (Plagányi & Butterworth, 2004), applications to particular species groups (e.g., predatory fishes, Christensen et al, 2003; jellyfishes, Lamb et al, 2019; forage fishes, Pikitch et al, 2014), and the development of management‐relevant outputs (Heymans et al, 2014). The advantages and limitations of EwE as an operational tool to support fisheries and multi‐sector resource management have rarely been considered.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

It is past time to use ecosystem models tactically to support ecosystem‐based fisheries management: Case studies using Ecopath with Ecosim in an operational management context

Craig

Link²

2023

Fish and Fisheries

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The implementation of ecosystem management requires ecosystem modelling within the context of a natural resource management process. Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE) is the most widely used modelling platform for investigating the dynamics of marine ecosystems, but has played a limited role in fisheries management and in multi‐sector resource decision‐making. We review 10 case studies that demonstrate the use of EwE to support operational resource management. EwE models are being used to inform tactical decision‐making in fisheries and other ocean use sectors, as well as to identify key trade‐offs, develop appropriate policy objectives, and reconcile conflicting legislative mandates in a variety of ecosystems. We suggest the following criteria to enhance the use of EwE and other ecosystem models in operational resource management: (1) a clear management objective that can be addressed through modelling; (2) an important trade‐off and a receptive policy context amenable to trade‐off evaluation; (3) an accessible and well‐documented model that follows best practices; (4) early and iterative engagement among scientists, stakeholders, and managers; (5) integration within a collaborative management process; (6) a multi‐model approach; and (7) a rigorous review process. Our review suggests that existing management frameworks are as much or more of a limitation to the operational use of EwE than technical issues related to data availability and model uncertainty. Ecosystem models are increasingly needed to facilitate more effective and transparent decision‐making. We assert that the requisite conditions currently exist for enhanced strategic and tactical use of EwE to support fisheries and natural resource management.

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Life in the Midwater: The Ecology of Deep Pelagic Animals

Haddock,

Choy

2024

Annu. Rev. Mar. Sci.

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The water column of the deep ocean is dark, cold, low in food, and under crushing pressures, yet it is full of diverse life. Due to its enormous volume, this mesopelagic zone is home to some of the most abundant animals on the planet. Rather than struggling to survive, they thrive—owing to a broad set of adaptations for feeding, behavior, and physiology. Our understanding of these adaptations is constrained by the tools available for exploring the deep sea, but this tool kit is expanding along with technological advances. Each time we apply a new method to the depths, we gain surprising insights about genetics, ecology, behavior, physiology, diversity, and the dynamics of change. These discoveries show structure within the seemingly uniform habitat, limits to the seemingly inexhaustible resources, and vulnerability in the seemingly impervious environment. To understand midwater ecology, we need to reimagine the rules that govern terrestrial ecosystems. By spending more time at depth—with whatever tools are available—we can fill the knowledge gaps and better link ecology to the environment throughout the water column.

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Towards ecosystem modeling in the deep sea: A review of past efforts and primer for the future

Cited by 4 publications

References 154 publications

Science governs the future of the mesopelagic zone

Science governs the future of the mesopelagic zone

It is past time to use ecosystem models tactically to support ecosystem‐based fisheries management: Case studies using Ecopath with Ecosim in an operational management context

Life in the Midwater: The Ecology of Deep Pelagic Animals

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