Towards drug quantification in human skin with confocal Raman microscopy

Franzen, Lutz; Selzer, Dominik; Fluhr, Joachim W.; Schaefer, Ulrich F.; Windbergs, Maike

doi:10.1016/j.ejpb.2012.11.017

Cited by 60 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…These studies are limited by signal attenuation in the depth layers of the skin. In the same way as ATR-FTIR signals, refraction index values are altered in the depth layers, and the light scattering becomes more diffuse with increasing skin depth (Franzen et al, 2013). Mateus et al (2013) studied the dermato pharmacokinetics of ibuprofen in human volunteers by using RCM and compared the results with those obtained by using the tape-stripping technique (MATES et al, 2013).…”

Section: Raman Confocal Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This procedure did not allow the precise determination of the drug concentrations in each skin layer. Franzen et al (2013) studied mathematical algorithms for correction of the signal attenuation at different skin layers for quantitative analysis of the skin penetration of caffeine (Franzen et al, 2013). For this, the authors created a simulated matrix of keratin, water, and various lipids to obtain a sample with optical properties similar to those of the stratum corneum.…”

Section: Raman Confocal Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The images are also limited to determined points of the skin at determined times, and the images do not represent the dynamic process of skin permeation for prolonged times (Darlenski et al, 2009;Franzen et al, 2013;Franzen, Anderski, Windbergs, 2015).…”

Section: Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of skin absorption of drugs from topical and transdermal formulations

Ruela

Perissinato

Lino

et al. 2016

Braz. J. Pharm. Sci.

207

135

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The skin barrier function has been attributed to the stratum corneum and represents a major challenge in clinical practice pertaining to cutaneous administration of drugs. Despite this, a large number of bioactive compounds have been successfully administered via cutaneous administration because of advances in the design of topical and transdermal formulations. In vitro and in vivo evaluations of these novel drug delivery systems are necessary to characterize their quality and efficacy. This review covers the most well-known methods for assessing the cutaneous absorption of drugs as an auxiliary tool for pharmaceutical formulation scientists in the design of drug delivery systems. In vitro methods as skin permeation assays using Franz-type diffusion cells, cutaneous retention and tape-stripping methods to study the cutaneous penetration of drugs, and in vivo evaluations as pre-clinical pharmacokinetic studies in animal models are discussed. Alternative approaches to cutaneous microdialysis are also covered. Recent advances in research on skin absorption of drugs and the effect of skin absorption enhancers, as investigated using confocal laser scanning microscopy, Raman confocal microscopy, and attenuated total reflectance Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, are reviewed. Uniterms:Skin absorption/effects/study. Skin absorption/topical formulations. Skin absorption/ transdermal formulations. Skin absorptions/enhancers. INTRODUCTIONTopical and transdermal drug delivery systems have shown significant advantages in clinical practice for drug targeting to the action site in the body; this has reduced the systemic side effects. The administration of drugs by through the skin is also performed to achieve controlled or prolonged drug delivery, and this route can be explored as an alternative to the oral route. The oral route shows some limitations for drugs with irregular absorption in the gastrointestinal tract and low bioavailability and for drugs with increased first pass metabolism and short plasma halflife times (Barry, 2001;Wokovich et al., 2006;Prausnitz, Langer, 2009;Alexander et al., 2012).Many drug products applied to the skin surface may penetrate to some extent into the skin layers, where their effects are expected. This is the case for topical formulations for treatment of skin disorders such as acne and cutaneous inflammatory diseases that include dermatitis, erythematous lupus, and psoriasis. On the other hand, transdermal formulations release drugs that permeate through the skin and enter the systemic circulation. Transdermal therapy must ensure that significant concentrations of the drug are absorbed to reach effective plasma concentrations. Permeation of drugs is targeted in some cases to body regions close to the action site, where a regional effect is expected, e.g., in the muscles, blood vessels, and articulations. In this way, the term "cutaneous absorption" is properly used to characterize the sum of the amounts of drug that penetrate and permeate the skin (Barry, 2001;El Maghraby, Barry;Willi...

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Section: Raman Confocal Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Raman Confocal Microscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Evaluation of skin absorption of drugs from topical and transdermal formulations

Ruela

Perissinato

Lino

et al. 2016

Braz. J. Pharm. Sci.

207

135

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Quantification of substances within skin tissue is exacerbated by Raman signal attenuation, thus novel approaches to develop correction algorisms are currently in the focus of interest [7]. Excised bronchial tissue as the biological barrier between air and lung has been investigated with Raman differentiating between healthy cells and cancer tissue [8].…”

Section: Looking At Barriers and Transport Processes With Modern Micrmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crossing biological barriers for advanced drug delivery

Schneider

Windbergs

Daum

et al. 2013

European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics

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“…Steffi Hansen could demonstrate the necessity of recognizing keratin binding which, especially for lipophilic solutes, retards the equilibration, prolongs lag times, and may sustain the presence of drug within the tissue [70]. In a search of non-destructive techniques for skin research, Maike Windbergs started establishing confocal Raman microscopy as a novel analytical technique in Saarbruecken focusing on drug depth profiling and 3-dimensional chemically selective imaging [71,72,73]. …”

Section: Saarbruecken (Germany): Helmut Loth Ulrich Schaefer Claus-mentioning

confidence: 99%

From the Structure of the Skin Barrier and Dermal Formulations to in vitro Transport Models for Skin Absorption: Skin Research in the Netherlands and in Germany

Windbergs

Hansen²,

Schroeter

et al. 2013

Skin Pharmacol Physiol

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This review presents an overview of German and Dutch research institutions and their studies in the field of skin drug delivery and adjacent topics. In the Netherlands, the involved research groups are mainly localized in Leiden, whereas in Germany the skin research institutions are spread over the whole country. The scientific studies in the Netherlands focus on the in-depth analysis of human skin composition and its individual components as well as on the development and characterization of dermal drug delivery systems ranging from liquid crystalline systems and vesicles up to microneedles with an emphasis on examining the interactions of these drug delivery systems with the human skin in vitro and in vivo. In Germany, the individual areas of research span from in-depth investigations on various drug delivery systems intended for skin application and the development of novel in vitro models for skin absorption testing up to in vivo studies focusing on the biological performance of topically applied actives. Furthermore, sophisticated analytical techniques are applied for the elucidation of skin assembly and transport processes. In addition, experimentally derived data are correlated with advanced computational modelling. Even though the individual research topics in the Netherlands and Germany are quite diverse, the exchange of knowledge and interdisciplinary collaborations between the two neighbouring countries were and are still frequently made. In this context, the review aims at highlighting crosslinks between the different institutions and individual persons to complete the picture. For each institution, the principal investigators and their studies are presented and the upcoming young scientists are introduced as an outlook for the field. This review does not claim completeness, but is rather intended to give a general overview of Dutch and German research in the field of skin drug delivery and adjacent topics.

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Towards drug quantification in human skin with confocal Raman microscopy

Cited by 60 publications

References 32 publications

Evaluation of skin absorption of drugs from topical and transdermal formulations

Evaluation of skin absorption of drugs from topical and transdermal formulations

Crossing biological barriers for advanced drug delivery

From the Structure of the Skin Barrier and Dermal Formulations to in vitro Transport Models for Skin Absorption: Skin Research in the Netherlands and in Germany

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