Towards clean and sustainable distributed energy system: the potential of integrated PEMFC-CHP

Aleknaviciute, I.; Karayiannis, Tassos G.; Collins, M. W.; Xanthos, C.

doi:10.1093/ijlct/ctv004

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…PEMFC have reached important niche energy markets over the past years, such as the automotive industry, stationary power applications, and the so-called poly-generation systems [1,2]. PEMFC have relevant advantages over conventional systems based on fossil fuels, including the fact that the use of hydrogen (H 2 ) as the fuel leads to green electrochemical conversion devices [3], in addition to higher energy conversion e ciencies, and zero or very low greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions [1]. Moreover, the concept of green H 2 has gained a great deal of attention recently [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Performance of Sn@Pt Core-Shell Nanocatalysts Supported on Two Different Carbon Structures for the Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction in Acid Media

Rodríguez-Varela

Hernández-Vázquez

Dessources³

et al. 2022

Journal of Chemistry

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Sn@Pt core-shell nanocatalysts, supported on Vulcan XC-72 and home-developed nitrogen-doped graphene (Sn@Pt/C and Sn@Pt/NG, respectively), were evaluated for the hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) in acid electrolyte. The nanocatalysts were synthesized by the bromide anion exchange (BAE) method. TEM characterization confirmed the nanosize nature of Sn@Pt/C and Sn@Pt/NG, with an average particle size of 2.1 and 2.3 nm, respectively. Sn@Pt/C delivered a similar mass limiting current density (jl, m) of the HOR compared to Sn@Pt/NG, which was higher than those of Pt/C and Pt/NG (ca. 2 and 2.3-fold increase, respectively). Moreover, the Sn@Pt/C and Sn@Pt/NG core-shell nanocatalysts demonstrated a higher specific activity related to Pt/C and Pt/NG. Mass and specific Tafel slopes further demonstrated the improved catalytic activity of Sn@Pt/C for the HOR, followed by Sn@Pt/NG. The application of the nanocatalysts was proposed for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFC).

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Performance of Sn@Pt Core-Shell Nanocatalysts Supported on Two Different Carbon Structures for the Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction in Acid Media

Rodríguez-Varela

Hernández-Vázquez

Dessources³

et al. 2022

Journal of Chemistry

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“…Proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) has the advantages of no pollution, efficient energy conversion, and low noise [1], the working temperature of PEMFC is between 25 • C and 85 • C, currently it can be used as a mobile power source for cars, ships, and other vehicles [2]. The structure of PEMFC includes end plate, collector plate, flow field plate, and membrane electrode assembly (MEA).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of freeze–thaw cycles on membrane electrode assembly of proton exchange membrane fuel cells and its fault diagnosis method

Zhang,

Chen,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Fuel Cells

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In low‐temperature environment, the residual water in the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) will freeze after the operation of proton exchange membrane fuel cells, which will cause damage to the MEA. In this paper, the effect of freeze–thaw cycles on MEA was studied. Six sets of MEA samples with 0, 20, 40, 60, 80, and 100 times freeze–thaw cycles were set up, and the damage on MEAs is analyzed by polarization curves, electrochemical impedance spectra, cyclic voltammetry curves, and scanning electron microscope. It was found that the freeze–thaw cycles caused degradation on MEA, and the ohmic resistance of MEA increases with the number of cycles increases before the 60 freeze–thaw cycles, and after 60 freeze–thaw cycles, a gap appeared between the proton exchange membrane (PEM) and the catalyst layer, which led to more water entering the PEM and the ohmic resistance of MEA decreased. Besides, according to the data analysis, the experimental samples are divided into three categories (normal MEA, lightly damaged MEA, and seriously damaged MEA). A classifier model combining inception network and light gradient boosting machine (LGBM) was established, and it was found that the combined model was better than inception–dense and LGBM for classification, reaching 96.89%.

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“…Heat retrieved from PEMFCs could be utilized for low-temperature heating like heating a room and providing hot water in the home, which requires low-grade heat [66][67][68][69][70][71][72]. Several researchers have shown that the performance of PEMFC combined heat and power (CHP) configuration will surge up to approximately 60-90% via absorption of the fuel cell heat [73].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prospects of Fuel Cell Combined Heat and Power Systems

et al. 2020

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Combined heat and power (CHP) in a single and integrated device is concurrent or synchronized production of many sources of usable power, typically electric, as well as thermal. Integrating combined heat and power systems in today’s energy market will address energy scarcity, global warming, as well as energy-saving problems. This review highlights the system design for fuel cell CHP technologies. Key among the components discussed was the type of fuel cell stack capable of generating the maximum performance of the entire system. The type of fuel processor used was also noted to influence the systemic performance coupled with its longevity. Other components equally discussed was the power electronics. The thermal and water management was also noted to have an effect on the overall efficiency of the system. Carbon dioxide emission reduction, reduction of electricity cost and grid independence, were some notable advantages associated with fueling cell combined heat and power systems. Despite these merits, the high initial capital cost is a key factor impeding its commercialization. It is, therefore, imperative that future research activities are geared towards the development of novel, and cheap, materials for the development of the fuel cell, which will transcend into a total reduction of the entire system. Similarly, robust, systemic designs should equally be an active research direction. Other types of fuel aside, hydrogen should equally be explored. Proper risk assessment strategies and documentation will similarly expand and accelerate the commercialization of this novel technology. Finally, public sensitization of the technology will also make its acceptance and possible competition with existing forms of energy generation feasible. The work, in summary, showed that proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEM fuel cell) operated at a lower temperature-oriented cogeneration has good efficiency, and is very reliable. The critical issue pertaining to these systems has to do with the complication associated with water treatment. This implies that the balance of the plant would be significantly affected; likewise, the purity of the gas is crucial in the performance of the system. An alternative to these systems is the PEM fuel cell systems operated at higher temperatures.

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Towards clean and sustainable distributed energy system: the potential of integrated PEMFC-CHP

Cited by 7 publications

References 38 publications

Enhanced Performance of Sn@Pt Core-Shell Nanocatalysts Supported on Two Different Carbon Structures for the Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction in Acid Media

Enhanced Performance of Sn@Pt Core-Shell Nanocatalysts Supported on Two Different Carbon Structures for the Hydrogen Oxidation Reaction in Acid Media

Effect of freeze–thaw cycles on membrane electrode assembly of proton exchange membrane fuel cells and its fault diagnosis method

Prospects of Fuel Cell Combined Heat and Power Systems

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