Towards artificial Ising spin glasses: Thermal ordering in randomized arrays of Ising-type nanomagnets

Saccone, Michael; Schöll, A.; Velten, Sven; Dhuey, Scott; Hofhuis, Kevin; Wuth, Clemens; Huang, Ying; Chen, Zuhuang; Chopdekar, Rajesh V.; Farhan, Alan

doi:10.1103/physrevb.99.224403

Cited by 32 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Apart from the static magnetic properties of ASI, tunability in magnetization dynamics by breaking the angular symmetry of the structure [32] and geometry-dependent existence of magnon modes [33,34] have been reported. Recently, the tenability of the ice rules, ground state degeneracy has also been reported for aperiodic structures [35], pinwheel structures [36], and colloidal systems [37]. In this paper, we conduct a detailed comparative study on the variation of magnetic properties (static and dynamic) of ASI of Permalloy (Py) Ni 80 Fe 20 with different geometries and thicknesses (d).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Magnetic Tunability of Permalloy Artificial Spin Ice Structures

2020

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This paper reports tunable Ni 80 Fe 20 artificial spin ice structures of various geometrical lattice arrangements as a function of film thickness. We achieve the magnetic tunability by three distinct methods namely, geometrical arrangements of nanomagnetic elements in the form of square, kagome, and triangular lattices with the variation in film thickness (20, 30, and 50 nm) for each geometry and the applied field orientations. Magnetic force microscopy reveals that the nanoelements are in single-domain states, obeying the spin ice rules for the 20-nm-thick spin ice structures. A combination of nanoelements in single-domain and vortex states is observed with the increase in thickness up to 30 nm. For the 50-nm-thick elements, vortex and flux closure states are in evidence. Broadband ferromagnetic resonance spectroscopy establishes the presence of distinct resonant modes that are spatially localized in the nanomagnets of different orientations and, hence, can be controlled by the applied field orientations. The role of shape anisotropy on the static and dynamic properties is investigated systematically and complemented by extensive micromagnetic simulations. The results show great potential towards designing reconfigurable magnonic crystals for microwave filter applications.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Magnetic Tunability of Permalloy Artificial Spin Ice Structures

2020

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“…The extensive degeneracy and nature of the ground state in spin glasses have been an area of extensive research over multiple decades, resulting in theoretical spin glass models that became, among other examples, the basis of error-correcting codes 7 , problems of optimization 8 , and brain science paradigms 9,10 . Inspired by recent research on artificial frustrated systems [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] , a first step towards the realization of artificial Ising spin glasses was made recently 29 . There, Ising-type single-domain nanomagnets are lithographically arranged onto Gaussian random sites and orientations with a controlled degree of disorder, the feature commonly believed to be the main ingredient in spin glasses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated effective dimension in tree-like nanomagnetic Cayley structures

et al. 2020

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“…Introducing positional disorder in such artificial spin systems modifies the phase diagram to give a microvortex phase 20 . Introducing random interactions and/or removing crystalline order can be a route to obtain spin-glass behaviour 140 , which has been investigated in dipolar XY systems with positional disorder 20 and systems of randomly placed elongated magnets 141 . In addition to using shape anisotropy to constrain the magnetic moments, it is possible to use single-crystal materials to define the in-plane magnetization direction, restricting the nanomagnet moments to point along the crystallographic axes.…”

Section: Box 2 | the Family Of Artificial Spin Systems Beyond Artificmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in artificial spin ice

et al. 2019

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Artificial spin ices consist of nanomagnets arranged on the sites of various periodic and aperiodic lattices. They have enabled the experimental investigation of a variety of fascinating phenomena such as frustration, emergent magnetic monopoles and phase transitions that have previously been the domain of bulk spin crystals and theory , as we discuss in this Review. Artificial spin ices also show promise as reprogrammable magnonic crystals and, with this in mind, we give an overview of the measurements of fast dynamics in these magnetic metamaterials. We survey the variety of geometries that have been implemented, in terms of both the form of the nanomagnets and the lattices on which they are placed, including quasicrystalline systems and artificial spin systems in 3D. Different magnetic materials can also be incorporated to modify anisotropies and blocking temperatures, for example. With this large variety of systems, the way is open to discover new phenomena, and we complete this Review with possible directions for the future.

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Towards artificial Ising spin glasses: Thermal ordering in randomized arrays of Ising-type nanomagnets

Cited by 32 publications

References 42 publications

Magnetic Tunability of Permalloy Artificial Spin Ice Structures

Magnetic Tunability of Permalloy Artificial Spin Ice Structures

Elevated effective dimension in tree-like nanomagnetic Cayley structures

Advances in artificial spin ice

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