Towards an IOT Approach for Smart Waste Management based on Context Ontology: A Case Study

Abstract

Nowadays, waste management faces the challenge of providing effective and efficient solutions for waste collection, disposal, and recycling while respecting health and environmental standards. This challenge also includes the lack of understanding of the diverse factors that influence the various stages of waste management, inefficient route planning, insufficient resources, etc. Faster collection, management, and processing of waste are possible with smart containers and IoT technologies allowing waste real-time data provision. Thus, this research proposes a waste management system based on generic and comprehensive generic context ontology and smart containers. The context ontology is conceived to solve the limits and the insufficiencies of waste management by covering all the waste facets for all the stakeholders, optimizing, analyzing, and reusing the waste data and conditions. For given smart container and waste management context, we need to have a global view of the relevant contextual data according to a unified model such as the waste environment data, the waste activity context, the waste computing context, the user context, the collaboration context, etc. One significant advantage of our system is that it provides a unified model for waste management contextual data that could be reused for other waste management systems covering all the properties of this domain. The proposed solution implements an intelligent and adaptive IoT system for waste management according to different waste contexts, waste objectives, and waste activities. The proposed system has been successfully tested under different scenarios in Jeddah City Municipality.

Smart Waste Management System for Smart & Sustainable City of Indonesia’s New State Capital: A Literature Review

“…It serves as the brain of the smart bins as the central processing unit, coordinating and controlling various functions within the system to ensure efficient operation and communication for all the embedded sensors. The most used type of microcontroller is Arduino Uno [16,19,23,28,38,[42][43][44]. Another type of microcontroller that can be used is Raspberry Pi [11].…”

Sensors on Internet of Things Systems for the Sustainable Development of Smart Cities: A Systematic Literature Review

“…Hong et al [71] used an RFID reader to identify the passerby and open the lid of the smart bin. In general, the smart bin is weighed by an ultrasonic sensor and will call the truck to collect the garbage when it reaches a certain weight [71,73,74]. Ultrasonic sensors usually determine the level of garbage by measuring the time interval between sending sound and receiving echo.…”

“…The ESP8266 NodeMCU is an example of a processor that can be used to install sensors. [74]. Waste sorting at the source can achieve efficient waste management and improved urban sustainability [75,76].…”

“…Waste sorting at the source can achieve efficient waste management and improved urban sustainability [75,76]. Aloui et al [74] detect metal with an inductive sensor. Their smart bin also collects data on shocks and vibrations.…”

“…Then, we collected smart bin location data using GPS to plan the path of the garbage collection truck. For example, Aloui et al [74] utilized the GPS NEO-6M model. The methods for vehicle route planning include Tabu search [73], Ant Colony [73], and Genetic Algorithm [73].…”