Towards an Eco-Friendly Coffee Rust Control: Compilation of Natural Alternatives from a Nutritional and Antifungal Perspective

Abstract

Hemileia vastatrix (HV) is the pathogen responsible for the coffee leaf rust (CLR) disease that has spread globally. CLR causes losses of up to a billion dollars annually and affects all types of crops regardless of their production regime (organic or inorganic). Additionally, smallholders produce approximately 80% of coffee in developing countries. The condition causes losses of up to a billion dollars annually. It affects all types of crops regardless of their production regime (organic or inorganic). Approximately 80% of coffee is produced by smallholders in developing countries. Until the 90s, shaded-production systems and native varieties were encouraged; however, the rapid spread of CLR has forced farmers to migrate towards inorganic schemes, mainly due to a lack of knowledge about natural alternatives to pesticides that can be implemented to control HV. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to compile the currently existing options, emphasizing two key factors that guarantee efficient rust control: selective fungicidal activity against HV and the nutrition of coffee crops. Thus, by comprehending how these natural compounds (such as plant, bacteria, fungi, animals, or algae metabolites) impact coffee rust proliferation. Furthermore, since a various range of biochar effects contributes to the control of foliar fungal pathogens through modification of root exudates, soil properties, and nutrient availability, which influence the growth of antagonist microorganisms, we present a review of the pathogen-suppressive effects of biochar, and new control strategies suitable for organic schemes can be developed.

Essential Oils and Antagonistic Microorganisms as Eco-Friendly Alternatives for Coffee Leaf Rust Control

“…The products of these extractions and distillations are generally extracts and essential oils that have antifungal properties (Table 1), such as insecticides, antibacterials, antiviral and resistance inductors [51]. Plant extracts, such as Baccharis glutinosa, Camellia sinensis, Eriobotrya japonica, Ardisia compressa, and Ocimun basilicum have a significant effect on CLR spore germination inhibition and disease severity reduction [52]. [10,55] Abbreviation: CLR = coffee leaf rust.…”

Efecto de la labranza y fertilización nitrogenada en los cultivos de fréjol y maíz sobre indicadores biológicos de la calidad de un suelo andino del Ecuador

“…Entre las prácticas de manejo que han afectado al suelo agrícola figuran: el sistema de labranza (Boada y Espinosa, 2016), el monocultivo, el uso excesivo de fertilizantes y el escaso o nulo aporte de residuos vegetales y animales al suelo (Castillo et al, 2022;Vidal et al, 1997). El empleo intensivo de labranza convencional [LC], que consiste en voltear el suelo con el uso de maquinaria agrícola, tiene como ventajas el aflojar, mezclar y airear el suelo, y es además, un método eficaz de control de malezas.…”

Reusing wastewater from Coffea arabica processing to produce single‐cell protein using Candida sorboxylosa: Optimizing of culture conditions

“…World coffee exports reached a monthly average of over 9 million 60 kg bags in 2022, according to the International Coffee Organization 2 . Each day, more than 2 billion cups of coffee are consumed worldwide 1 . In Peru, coffee cultivation is one of the most important agro‐industrial activities for thousands of families living in the central Amazon forest.…”

“…In recent year, the global coffee market has reached around $90 billion, and it is expected to have an average annual growth rate of 5.32% until 2024. 1 World coffee exports reached a monthly average of over 9 million 60 kg bags in 2022, according to the International Coffee Organization. 2 Each day, more than 2 billion cups of coffee are consumed worldwide.…”

“…2 Each day, more than 2 billion cups of coffee are consumed worldwide. 1 In Peru, coffee cultivation is one of the most important agro-industrial activities for thousands of families living in the central Amazon forest. The Arabica variety (Coffea arabica) is the most widely harvested, representing approximately 65% of the total coffee production.…”