“…In the 1980s, the “unfinished” was still seen as an acceptable temporary answer: interpreted as a “sensitizing theory” allowing the formulation of “new kinds of questions,” abolitionism could still, Scheerer (1986: 10) argued, postpone confronting the problem of “the dangerous few.” In the 1990s and 2000s, abolitionists intimated more strongly that the movement would lack traction so long as it has difficulty radically problematizing penal responses to exceptional violence (Bianchi, 2007; de Haan, 1992; Scheerer, 2007). Although the problem of “the dangerous few” is still oftentimes bypassed in the abolitionist literature (Carrier and Piché, 2015b; Parkes, 2022), penal abolitionists do confront it by a dual rhetorical strategy: criminalization and penalization are constructed as failing instruments to produce safety, and as destructive responses expanding and compounding violence (e.g.…”