Towards a uniform nomenclature for ground squirrels: the status of the Holarctic chipmunks

Patterson, Bruce D.; Norris, Ryan W.

doi:10.1515/mammalia-2015-0004

Cited by 34 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…olivacea, have strongly contrasting life histories (see Spotorno et al, 1990: table 3), a situation clouded by the current nomenclature. (iv) Estimated times of divergence among subgenera of Abrothrix are comparable to those documented for groupings of the long-clawed Abrotrichini (Cañ on et al, 2014; see also Patterson and Upham, 2014;Patterson and Norris, 2015).…”

Section: Biogeographical Analysissupporting

confidence: 70%

Phylogeny of the tribe Abrotrichini (Cricetidae, Sigmodontinae): integrating morphological and molecular evidence into a new classification

et al. 2016

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The tribe Abrotrichini (five genera and 14 living species) is a small clade within the speciose subfamily Sigmodontinae (Rodentia, Cricetidae), representing one of the extant successful radiations of mammals at southern high latitudes of the Neotropics. Its distribution is mostly Andean, reaching its greatest diversity in southern Argentina and Chile. We evaluate the phylogenetic relationships within this tribe through parsimony and Bayesian approaches based on 99 morphological characters (including 19 integumental characters, 38 skull characters, 31 dental characters, three postcranial skeletal characters, seven from the male accessory glands and phallus and one from the digestive system) and six molecular markers (one mitochondrial and five nuclear). We include representatives of all, except one, of the currently recognized species of living Abrotrichini plus one fossil form. Based on total evidence, we recovered a primary division between the genus Abrothrix and a group including the long‐clawed Abrotrichini, Chelemys, Geoxus, Notiomys and Pearsonomys. Both clades are recognized and named here as subtribes. The large degree of morphological variation observed within Abrothrix suggests that species in the genus fall into four groups, which we recognize as subgenera. In addition, the two known species of Chelemys do not form a monophyletic group, and Geoxus was recovered as paraphyletic with respect to Pearsonomys. To reconcile classification and phylogenetics, we describe a new genus for Chelemys macronyx and include Pearsonomys as a junior synonym of Geoxus. Our results highlight the importance of both morphology and molecules in resolving the phylogenetic relationships within this tribe. Based on biogeographical analyses, we hypothesize that Abrotrichini originated in south‐western South America by vicariance and then diversified mostly by successive dispersal events.

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Section: Biogeographical Analysissupporting

confidence: 70%

Phylogeny of the tribe Abrotrichini (Cricetidae, Sigmodontinae): integrating morphological and molecular evidence into a new classification

et al. 2016

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“…Moreover, all introduced chipmunks derive from captive-bred individuals and not from wild-trapped ones, which may limit their invasive abilities (Mori et al, 2018). The taxonomic status of the Siberian chipmunk is currently under revision, and the taxon is probably a species complex (Obolenskaya et al, 2009;Patterson & Norris, 2016). Genetic and morphometric analyses suggest that the invasive chipmunks in Europe belong to the Korean lineage (E. s. barberi), whose range includes only 6 degrees in latitude (Obolenskaya et al, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Integrating climate and land‐use change scenarios in modelling the future spread of invasive squirrels in Italy

Febbraro

Menchetti

Russo

et al. 2019

Diversity and Distributions

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Aim The establishment and spread of invasive alien species may be influenced by several mutually interacting factors, whose understanding is paramount to develop effective biosecurity policies. However, studies focused on modelling spatially explicit patterns of future invasion risk have so far focused on species response to climate change impacts, while land‐use change has been neglected. We investigated how the interplay between climate and land‐use change could affect the future potential distribution and dispersal corridors of four alien squirrels introduced to Europe (Sciurus carolinensis, Callosciurus finlaysonii, Callosciurus erythraeus and Eutamias sibiricus). Location and Methods Our study was conducted in Italy. We used Species Distribution Models and circuit theory methods to test whether future scenarios based only on climate change predict a different effect on range and connectivity of alien squirrel populations, compared to scenarios that include both climate and land‐use changes. Results Scenarios based only on climate change predicted a range increase and a high geographic stability (>50%) for most species, with different, yet limited, effects on connectivity corridors. Conversely, scenarios based on both climate and land‐use change showed a loss in range extent and a low geographic stability (<50%) of both range and dispersal corridors for most species. Main conclusions Scenarios considering both climate and land‐use change provide predictions on invasion risk that overturn those including only climate change. The effect of global warming alone would lead to a considerable range expansion of all species. Conversely, when land‐use change is added, a potential loss in suitable habitat and dispersal corridors is predicted for alien squirrels, hence limiting their range expansion. We recommend using multiple drivers in models to obtain reliable predictions for implementing biosecurity policies related to invasive alien species.

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“…Of these, one species is restricted to eastern Asia ( T. sibiricus; subgenus Eutamias ), and one is restricted to eastern North America ( T. striatus ; subgenus Tamias ). The remaining 23 species in the subgenus Neotamias (but see Piaggio and Spicer 2000, 2001; Patterson and Norris 2016) are distributed throughout western North America. Assignment to species has relied on variation in the male genital bone, the baculum or os penis , with variation of other phenotypic characters (e.g., pelage and body size) showing considerable overlap among species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Phylogenomic Assessment of Mitochondrial Introgression among Several Species of Chipmunks ( TAMIAS )

et al. 2016

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Many species are not completely reproductively isolated, resulting in hybridization and genetic introgression. Organellar genomes, such as those derived from mitochondria (mtDNA) and chloroplasts, introgress frequently in natural systems; however, the forces shaping patterns of introgression are not always clear. Here, we investigate extensive mtDNA introgression in western chipmunks, focusing on species in the Tamias quadrivittatus group from the central and southern Rocky Mountains. Specifically, we investigate the role of selection in driving patterns of introgression. We sequenced 51 mtDNA genomes from six species and combine these sequences with other published genomic data to yield annotated mitochondrial reference genomes for nine species of chipmunks. Genomic characterization was performed using a series of molecular evolutionary and phylogenetic analyses to test protein-coding genes for positive selection. We fit a series of maximum likelihood models using a model-averaging approach, assessed deviations from neutral expectations, and performed additional tests to search for codons under the influence of selection. We found no evidence for positive selection among these genomes, suggesting that selection has not been the driving force of introgression in these species. Thus, extensive mtDNA introgression among several species of chipmunks likely reflects genetic drift of introgressed alleles in historically fluctuating populations.

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Towards a uniform nomenclature for ground squirrels: the status of the Holarctic chipmunks

Cited by 34 publications

References 62 publications

Phylogeny of the tribe Abrotrichini (Cricetidae, Sigmodontinae): integrating morphological and molecular evidence into a new classification

Phylogeny of the tribe Abrotrichini (Cricetidae, Sigmodontinae): integrating morphological and molecular evidence into a new classification

Integrating climate and land‐use change scenarios in modelling the future spread of invasive squirrels in Italy

Comparative Phylogenomic Assessment of Mitochondrial Introgression among Several Species of Chipmunks ( TAMIAS )

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