2009
DOI: 10.1177/0018726709346380
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Towards a theory of being-centered leadership: Multiple levels of being as context for effective leadership

Abstract: This article proposes and develops a theory of leadership that utilizes five levels of being as context for effective leadership: 1) the physical world; 2) the world of images and imagination; 3) the level of the soul; 4) the level of the Spirit; and 5) the non-dual level. We first explore how each of the five levels of being provides a means for advancing both the theory and the practice of leadership. Second, we utilize these five levels to create the foundation for a theory of leadership based on being that… Show more

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Cited by 143 publications
(105 citation statements)
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References 35 publications
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“…At various times, however, leadership and management have been described as being extensively researched yet having a high level of uncertainty about their conceptual underpinnings (see Burns, 1978 andGrint, 1995 for comment). In this vein we can point to instances where both leadership and management theory and research have been described as having a history of being fragmented and confusing (Gill, 2006;Hales, 1986Hales, , 1999Quinn, 1984;Whitley, 1984), being unconnected (Quinn, 1984;Hales 1986), needing a better appreciation of context (Fry and Kriger, 2009;Hales, 1999;Jepson, 2009;Osborn, et al, 2002;Osborn and Marion, 2009;Porter and McLaughlin, 2006;Zaccaro and Klimoski, 2001) and being derived from differing academic disciplines (Ghoshal, 2005;Gill, 2006). The similarity of these comments made separately about leadership and management is profound and raises the recurring question: are scholars discussing one and the same concept?…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…At various times, however, leadership and management have been described as being extensively researched yet having a high level of uncertainty about their conceptual underpinnings (see Burns, 1978 andGrint, 1995 for comment). In this vein we can point to instances where both leadership and management theory and research have been described as having a history of being fragmented and confusing (Gill, 2006;Hales, 1986Hales, , 1999Quinn, 1984;Whitley, 1984), being unconnected (Quinn, 1984;Hales 1986), needing a better appreciation of context (Fry and Kriger, 2009;Hales, 1999;Jepson, 2009;Osborn, et al, 2002;Osborn and Marion, 2009;Porter and McLaughlin, 2006;Zaccaro and Klimoski, 2001) and being derived from differing academic disciplines (Ghoshal, 2005;Gill, 2006). The similarity of these comments made separately about leadership and management is profound and raises the recurring question: are scholars discussing one and the same concept?…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Similar effects have been connected with a nonjudgmental disposition towards others (Fry & Kriger, 2009), in which there is no desire to see the other as less than oneself. These effects may also be connected with the theme of humility.…”
Section: Dialogue In Leadership Development Literaturementioning
confidence: 59%
“…In addition, there are strong arguments that situating experiential learning relationships in a broader relational context -a caring community -can favor the development of altruistic leadership tendencies (see, for example: Bono, Shen & Snyder, 2010;Fry & Kriger, 2009;Militello and Benham, 2010). Furthermore, Cunliffe (2009) has argued that an (internal) interpretation of ethics is entangled with lived-out morality in practical experience; and interpreting our experiences in-and-through respectful dialogue is therefore a key formational practice.…”
Section: Dialogue In Leadership Development Literaturementioning
confidence: 99%
“…This productivity enables them to engage in the addiction work and have the ability to be compassionate (New Hope Recovery Centre 2014). With this, they are able to be generative and creative in the work (Pardini et al 2000) and the impact of spirituality through being productive is that they are enabled to stay involved in the difficult work of addiction (Duchon and Plowman 2005), while being supported and enriched by their experiences (Bell and Taylor 2004;Fry and Kriger 2009).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%