Towards a socially situated rumouring: Historical and critical perspectives of rumour transmission

Pelletier, Petra; Drozda‐Senkowska, Ewa

doi:10.1111/spc3.12532

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Narratives have other prominent functions for human beings in addition to those mentioned in the target article. First, from the evolutionary perspective, narratives represent a universal activity that allows the transmission of survival-relevant information and meaning-making of new, uncertain, and dangerous objects or situations (Pelletier & Drozda-Senkowska, 2020). Second, narratives are transmitted to provide audiences with relevant information that allows them to construct representations of an unknown object or situation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conviction Narrative Theory: A theory of choice under radical uncertainty

Johnson

Bilovich²,

Tuckett

2022

Behav Brain Sci

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Conviction Narrative Theory (CNT) is a theory of choice under radical uncertainty—situations where outcomes cannot be enumerated and probabilities cannot be assigned. Whereas most theories of choice assume that people rely on (potentially biased) probabilistic judgments, such theories cannot account for adaptive decision-making when probabilities cannot be assigned. CNT proposes that people use narratives—structured representations of causal, temporal, analogical, and valence relationships—rather than probabilities, as the currency of thought that unifies our sense-making and decision-making faculties. According to CNT, narratives arise from the interplay between individual cognition and the social environment, with reasoners adopting a narrative that feels ‘right’ to explain the available data; using that narrative to imagine plausible futures; and affectively evaluating those imagined futures to make a choice. Evidence from many areas of the cognitive, behavioral, and social sciences supports this basic model, including lab experiments, interview studies, and econometric analyses. We propose 12 principles to explain how the mental representations (narratives) interact with four inter-related processes (explanation, simulation, affective evaluation, communication), examining the theoretical and empirical basis for each. We conclude by discussing how CNT can provide a common vocabulary for researchers studying everyday choices across areas of the decision sciences.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conviction Narrative Theory: A theory of choice under radical uncertainty

Johnson

Bilovich²,

Tuckett

2022

Behav Brain Sci

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Narratives need not end well; nor say it all

Andreetta¹,

Spalla²,

Treves³

2023

Behav Brain Sci

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To fully embrace situations of radical uncertainty, we argue that the theory should abandon the requirements that narratives, in general, must lead to affective evaluation, and that they have to explain (and potentially simulate) all or even the bulk of the current decisional context. Evidence from studies of incidental learning show that narrative schemata can bias decisions while remaining fragmentary, insufficient for prediction, and devoid of utility values.

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“…Communicative intent has been demonstrated to influence the presence of content biases found in transmission chains (see Lyons & Kashima, 2006, and to a lesser extent; Stubbersfield, Dean, Sheikh, Laland, & Cross, 2019), so it is important to engage with this and preferably test using both types of chain. Further, transmission chains have long been criticised for omitting essential properties of interpersonal interactions and communication processes (see DiFonzo, Hantula, & Bordia, 1998;Pelletier & Drozda-Senkowska, 2020;Rosnow, 1980). For example, they have been criticised for the lack interaction between transmitter and receiver, interaction which would likely influence the nature of information transmitted (Middleton & Edwards, 1990).…”

Section: General Discussion and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While transmission chains will remain valuable for examining the processes and mechanisms of interpersonal cultural transmission it is important to consider how the interactive, dynamic nature of communication influences the expression of these biases. Future experimental approaches should draw influence from developments in the psychology of communication which emphasise the importance of social context and relationship between transmitter and receiver (see Fiedler, 2008;Pelletier & Drozda-Senkowska, 2020).…”

Section: General Discussion and Conclusionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Content biases in three phases of cultural transmission: A review

Stubbersfield

2022

CultEv

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Cultural evolution theory proposes that information transmitted through social learning is not transmitted indiscriminately but is instead biased by heuristics and mechanisms which increase the likelihood that individuals will copy particular cultural traits based on their inherent properties (content biases) and copy the cultural traits of particular models, or under particular circumstances (context biases). Recent research suggests that content biases are as important, or more important, than context biases in the selection and faithful transmission of cultural traits. Here, evidence for biases for emotive, social, threat-related, stereotype consistent and counterintuitive content is reviewed, focusing on how these biases may operate across three phases of transmission: choose-to-receive, encode-and-retrieve, and choose-to-transmit. Support for some biases primarily functioning as biases of attention and memory, while others primarily function as biases of selection to share with others, and the implications for this in wider cultural evolution is discussed. Ultimately, a more consistent approach to examining content biases, and greater engagement with wider literature, is required for clear conclusions about their mechanism and potential differences across the three phases of transmission.

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Towards a socially situated rumouring: Historical and critical perspectives of rumour transmission

Cited by 13 publications

References 101 publications

Conviction Narrative Theory: A theory of choice under radical uncertainty

Conviction Narrative Theory: A theory of choice under radical uncertainty

Narratives need not end well; nor say it all

Content biases in three phases of cultural transmission: A review

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